School Things 校园用品
基础主题词汇。
- 学会课室用品英文名：desk、chair、bag、pencil case、ruler、eraser。
- 一件物件用 There is，多件物件用 There are。
- 用 on、under、next to 讲清楚物件在哪个位置。
文体小知识：Learn theme words.
§课文原文 Passage
1Our classroom is on the fifth floor of the school. There are twenty desks and twenty chairs inside. Every student has a desk for books and a chair to sit on. My desk is next to the window, so I can see the playground and the big trees. On the front wall, there is a big blackboard and a round clock.
2I keep my school bag under my chair. Inside my bag, there is a pencil case with a pen, a pencil, a ruler and an eraser. My books sit neatly on my desk. Ken, my deskmate, always borrows my eraser. Today he forgets his ruler, so I lend him mine.
3We share our things and help each other every day. Our teacher says we are good classmates. After class, I put my pen, my pencil and my ruler back into my pencil case. I love my tidy desk, my little chair and my happy classroom. Good classmates make school fun.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Our classroom is on the fifth floor of the school.
我们课室在学校五楼。
There are twenty desks and twenty chairs inside.
里面有二十张书桌同二十张椅子。
Every student has a desk for books and a chair to sit on.
每个学生都有一张放书的桌子同一张坐的椅子。
My desk is next to the window, so I can see the playground and the big trees.
我的书桌在窗边，所以我可以看到操场同大树。
On the front wall, there is a big blackboard and a round clock.
前面墙上有一个大黑板同一个圆挂钟。
I keep my school bag under my chair.
我把书包放在椅子下面。
Inside my bag, there is a pencil case with a pen, a pencil, a ruler and an eraser.
书包里面有一个笔袋，装着一支笔、一支铅笔、一把间尺同一块擦胶。
My books sit neatly on my desk.
我的书整整齐齐地放在书桌上。
Ken, my deskmate, always borrows my eraser.
我的同桌 Ken 常常借我的擦胶。
Today he forgets his ruler, so I lend him mine.
今日他忘记带间尺，所以我把我的那把借给他。
We share our things and help each other every day.
我们每日都分享自己的东西，互相帮助。
Our teacher says we are good classmates.
老师说我们是好同学。
After class, I put my pen, my pencil and my ruler back into my pencil case.
下课之后，我会把笔、铅笔同间尺放回笔袋。
I love my tidy desk, my little chair and my happy classroom.
我好喜欢我整齐的书桌、小小的椅子同开心的课室。
Good classmates make school fun.
好同学令上学变得开心。
1重点摘要 Summary
主题词汇。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
书包
书本
笔
间尺
铅笔
擦胶
书桌
椅
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 读熟主题词举个例子：先跟老师大声朗读 desk、chair、bag、pencil case、ruler、eraser，每个词读三次，一边读一边望著实物，把读音与意思联系起来。注意 ruler 是间尺，eraser 是擦胶，两词都以 er 结尾，不要混淆；pencil case 是合成词，重音落在前面，读准了拼写也更容易记住。
- 指向物件说举个例子：指著自己的书桌说 This is my desk.，再指向笔袋说 This is my pencil case.。这个句型以 This is 开头，后面接 my 加物件词，是介绍物件最基本的方法。练习时每指一件就完整说一句，不要只说单词；句子说顺了，以后写句子时也不会漏掉主语和动词。
- 用 there is / there are举个例子：描述课室里有什么，一件东西用 There is a blackboard.，多件东西用 There are twenty chairs.。关键是先判断名词是单数还是众数：单数名词前面要加 a 或 an，众数名词要加 s 或 es。易错位是以为 there 后面永远用 is，其实动词要跟后面的名词一致，写完读一次就能检查出来。
- 说明物件位置举个例子：My bag is under the chair. The clock is on the wall. 常用位置词有 on（在上面）、under（在下面）、next to（在旁边）、in（在里面），句型是物件加 is，再接位置词与地点。易错位是语序：英文的位置词短语放在句子后面，例如说 in the box，不要把地点搬到句首。
- 借东西和多谢举个例子：想借间尺时说 May I borrow your ruler?，对方借出后要说 Thank you.，这才是有礼貌的完整过程。课文里 Ken 忘记带间尺，同学把尺借给了他，用的正是这个句型。注意 May I... 是客气的请求句式，比 Can I... 更有礼貌；归还时还可以补一句 Thank you for lending me your ruler.。
- 分类配对举个例子：把学过的词分成两栏抄写：文具一栏有 pen、pencil、ruler、eraser，课室家私一栏有 desk、chair、blackboard。分类能帮助大脑把意思相近的词连在一起，记忆更牢固；以后遇到新词，也可以先想想它属于哪一类，再放进自己的词语网络，温习时按类别背诵，效率会明显提高。
5例题示范 Example
问题：怎样用 there is / there are 与位置词，完整描述课室里有什么以及物件放在哪里？
- 第一步：先判断物件是一件还是多件，因为动词要跟著名词变化：一件黑板用 there is，二十张椅子就要用 there are。
- 第二步：一件东西用 there is 开头，名词前记得加 a 或 an，例如 There is a clock on the wall.
- 第三步：多件东西用 there are，名词要变成众数，例如 There are twenty desks in the classroom.
- 第四步：句尾加上位置词说明地点：on 表示在上面，under 表示在下面，next to 表示在旁边。
- 第五步：把各部分串成完整句子，例如 My school bag is under my chair, next to Ken's chair，再读一次检查动词与名词是否一致。
- 答案：示范答案：There is a big blackboard and a round clock on the front wall. There are twenty desks and twenty chairs in our classroom. My desk is next to the window, and my bag is under my chair.
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1bag 是什么？
Q2book 是什么？
Q3pen 是什么？
Q4ruler 是什么？
Q5pencil 是什么？
Q6eraser 是什么？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 学会课室用品英文名：desk、chair、bag、pencil case、ruler、eraser。
- 一件物件用 There is，多件物件用 There are。
- 用 on、under、next to 讲清楚物件在哪个位置。
- 借东西要有礼貌：May I borrow...? 拿到之后记得讲 Thank you。
- 将词语分类记（文具／家私），会记得更加稳。