Food 食物
基础主题词汇。
- 食物词分两类：可数（an apple、two eggs）和不可数（some rice、some milk）。
- a、e、i、o、u 开头的单数名词前面用 an：an apple、an egg。
- 三餐讲法：have... for breakfast / lunch / dinner。
文体小知识：Learn theme words.
§课文原文 Passage
1Hong Kong people love good food. On Sunday mornings, my family eats dim sum together. We order shrimp dumplings, egg tarts and BBQ pork buns. I drink milk, but my father drinks Chinese tea. We eat and laugh for a long time. On school days, I have bread and a boiled egg for breakfast.
2My favourite lunch is rice with chicken, but my sister likes noodles more. After school, I am hungry, so I eat an apple or a banana at home. For dinner, my mother cooks vegetables, soup and steamed fish. She tells me to drink more water and not too many sweet drinks. Fruit is sweet and full of vitamins.
3At the weekend, we sometimes have hotpot with our grandparents. I put beef, tofu and noodles into my bowl. Good eating habits keep us healthy and strong. Milk and water are better than cola. A good breakfast gives me energy for school. I always finish my rice, and I never waste food.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Hong Kong people love good food.
香港人好喜欢吃好东西。
On Sunday mornings, my family eats dim sum together.
星期日早上，我们一家人会一起吃点心。
We order shrimp dumplings, egg tarts and BBQ pork buns.
我们会叫虾饺、蛋挞同叉烧包。
I drink milk, but my father drinks Chinese tea.
我喝牛奶，爸爸就喝中国茶。
We eat and laugh for a long time.
我们一边吃一边笑，吃很久。
On school days, I have bread and a boiled egg for breakfast.
上学日的早餐，我吃面包同一个水煮蛋。
My favourite lunch is rice with chicken, but my sister likes noodles more.
我最喜欢吃鸡饭做午餐，但细妹更喜欢吃面。
After school, I am hungry, so I eat an apple or a banana at home.
放学回到家肚子饿，我会吃一个苹果或者一根香蕉。
For dinner, my mother cooks vegetables, soup and steamed fish.
晚餐妈妈会煮菜、汤同蒸鱼。
She tells me to drink more water and not too many sweet drinks.
他叫我多喝一些水，不要喝太多甜的东西。
Fruit is sweet and full of vitamins.
水果又甜又多维生素。
At the weekend, we sometimes have hotpot with our grandparents.
周末我们有时会同爷爷奶奶吃火锅。
I put beef, tofu and noodles into my bowl.
我会把牛肉、豆腐同面放进自己的碗里。
Good eating habits keep us healthy and strong.
良好的饮食习惯令我们健康又强壮。
Milk and water are better than cola.
牛奶同水都比可乐好。
A good breakfast gives me energy for school.
吃一顿好早餐，我上学就有精神。
I always finish my rice, and I never waste food.
我每次都会吃完自己的饭，不会浪费食物。
1重点摘要 Summary
主题词汇。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
饭
面
面包
鸡蛋
苹果
香蕉
牛奶
水
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 读熟食物词举个例子：跟读 rice、noodles、bread、egg、apple、banana、milk、water，每读一个词就在脑中浮现那种食物的样子，例如读 bread 就想到金黄色的面包。这种图像记忆比死背串法有效得多；读完再分成两组：能数的（an apple、two eggs）与不能数的（rice、milk），为下一步学习铺路。
- 分清可数与不可数举个例子：可数名词能一个一个数：an apple、a banana、two eggs；不可数名词不能直接数：some rice、some milk、some water，永远不加 s。判断方法很简单：能说 two... 的就是可数。易错位是看见 bread、cake 便以为全部可数，其实 bread 不可数，要说 two pieces of bread。
- 说三餐举个例子：早餐说 I have bread and a boiled egg for breakfast.，午餐说 My favourite lunch is rice with chicken.。句型是 have 加食物，再加 for 加餐名；breakfast、lunch、dinner 前面通常不加 a 或 the。易错位是把表达吃什么的 for breakfast 写成 at breakfast，记住说吃什么一定要用 for。
- 说喜欢的食物举个例子：I like noodles. My favourite food is dim sum. 用 favourite 表达最喜欢，语气比 like 更强。句型 My favourite food is... 后面接单数动词 is；喜欢的若是一类食物，也可以说 I like fruit and vegetables.。回答之后补一句原因，例如 because it is soft and sweet，答案便更有内容。
- 说健康饮食举个例子：Drink more water and not too many sweet drinks. Fruit is full of vitamins. 给建议常用祈使句：多喝水说 Drink more water，少喝甜饮说 not too many sweet drinks，注意 sweet drinks 可数所以用 many。谈健康还可以说 Eat more vegetables. Don't eat too much fried food.，fried food 不可数要用 much。
- 模拟点餐举个例子：与同学玩餐厅角色扮演：客人说 I would like a bowl of noodles, please.，店员回答 Here you are.，客人再说 Thank you.。I would like... 比 I want... 客气得多，是点餐的标准句式；食物前加上量词 a bowl of、a cup of 听起来更自然。角色扮演能同时练习听与说，不妨多玩几次。
5例题示范 Example
问题：怎样用 a、an、some 与量词，清楚说明自己一日三餐吃什么？
- 第一步：单个可数食物用 a 或 an：母音 a、e、i、o、u 开头的词用 an，例如 an apple；子音开头用 a，例如 a banana。
- 第二步：不可数食物用 some 表达一些，例如 some rice、some milk，切记不可数名词永远不加 s。
- 第三步：想说明分量就用量词，例如 two bowls of rice、a glass of milk，分量改变时只改前面的数字。
- 第四步：可数食物说多件时直接加 s，例如 two eggs、three apples。
- 第五步：把句式串成一日三餐，例如 I eat two bowls of rice and drink a glass of milk for dinner.，写完逐一检查每个名词的可数性。
- 答案：示范答案：For breakfast, I have some bread and a boiled egg. For dinner, I eat two bowls of rice, some vegetables and steamed fish, and I drink a glass of milk.
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1rice 是什么？
Q2noodles 是什么？
Q3bread 是什么？
Q4egg 是什么？
Q5apple 是什么？
Q6banana 是什么？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 食物词分两类：可数（an apple、two eggs）和不可数（some rice、some milk）。
- a、e、i、o、u 开头的单数名词前面用 an：an apple、an egg。
- 三餐讲法：have... for breakfast / lunch / dinner。
- 健康饮食：drink more water，吃多些 fruit，少饮 sweet drinks。
- 点餐用 I would like..., please. 好有礼貌。