Family 家庭
基础主题词汇。
- 家庭称谓要分清楚：father/mother、grandfather/grandmother、uncle/aunt。
- 介绍家人用 This is my...，再讲一样他/她的特点。
- 讲爸爸妈妈（他/她）做东西，动词要加 s：My father works...
文体小知识：Learn theme words.
§课文原文 Passage
1My family is big and warm. My father works in a bank in Central. My mother is a nurse at a hospital near our home. My brother is in Secondary One, and my little sister is only five years old. After dinner, we talk about our day at the dinner table.
2My grandfather and grandmother live in Sha Tin. At the weekend, we visit them with my uncle and aunt. Grandfather grows beautiful flowers on his balcony. Grandmother makes the best steamed eggs in the world. My aunt always brings fresh fruit, and my uncle tells funny jokes. We usually stay for lunch and go home in the evening.
3My brother helps me with my maths homework, and I read stories to my sister at night. On Sundays, we sometimes have dim sum together. Last week, we took a happy family photo in the park. I love my family because we take care of each other. A warm family is the best gift.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
My family is big and warm.
我的家庭好大、好温暖。
My father works in a bank in Central.
爸爸在中环一间银行上班。
My mother is a nurse at a hospital near our home.
妈妈在家附近的医院做护士。
My brother is in Secondary One, and my little sister is only five years old.
哥哥正在读中一，妹妹只有五岁。
After dinner, we talk about our day at the dinner table.
吃完晚饭，我们会在饭桌前聊一聊一天发生的事。
My grandfather and grandmother live in Sha Tin.
爷爷同奶奶住在沙田。
At the weekend, we visit them with my uncle and aunt.
周末我们会同叔叔、婶婶一起去探他们。
Grandfather grows beautiful flowers on his balcony.
爷爷在露台种了美丽的花。
Grandmother makes the best steamed eggs in the world.
奶奶蒸的蛋是全世界最好吃的。
My aunt always brings fresh fruit, and my uncle tells funny jokes.
婶婶每次都带新鲜生果来，叔叔就负责讲笑话。
We usually stay for lunch and go home in the evening.
我们通常会留下来吃午饭，到傍晚才回家。
My brother helps me with my maths homework, and I read stories to my sister at night.
哥哥会帮我做数学功课，晚上我会讲故事给妹妹听。
On Sundays, we sometimes have dim sum together.
星期日我们有时会一起去吃点心。
Last week, we took a happy family photo in the park.
上个星期，我们在公园拍了一张全家福。
I love my family because we take care of each other.
我好爱我的家人，因为大家都会互相照顾。
A warm family is the best gift.
一个温暖的家就是最好的礼物。
1重点摘要 Summary
主题词汇。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
爸爸
妈妈
兄弟
姊妹
爷爷/外公
奶奶/外婆
叔叔/伯伯
婶婶/姨妈
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 读熟家庭称谓举个例子：跟读 father、mother、brother、sister、grandfather、grandmother、uncle、aunt，一边读一边想著家中对应的人，例如读 grandfather 就想起爷爷。注意 grandfather 与 grandmother 都有前缀 grand，表示隔一代的长辈；uncle 涵盖叔叔、舅舅，aunt 涵盖姑母、姨母，英文不像中文分得那么细。
- 介绍家人举个例子：This is my father. He works in a bank. 介绍家人先说称谓，再补一份简单资料，例如职业、爱好或年龄。第一句用 This is my... 引出人物，第二句用 He 或 She 开始补充；注意第二句必须是完整句子，不要只说 works in a bank 而漏掉主语 He。
- 第三人称单数动词加 s举个例子：My father works in a bank. My brother helps me with my homework. 描述他或她（单数）的习惯时，动词要加 s 或 es，这是小四最常见的考点。易错位是说了 he、she 之后忘记变动词，写成 My father work in a bank；记住口诀：he、she、it 之后，动词要穿上 s 这件外衣。
- 说家庭活动举个例子：We visit our grandparents at the weekend. We have dim sum together on Sundays. 描述全家一起做的事，主语常用 we，动词用原形，因为 we 是众数；句尾的 together 突出一家人一起的温暖感觉。时间短语放句尾，例如 at the weekend、on Sundays，注意星期名称第一个字母要大写。
- 说感受与原因举个例子：I love my family because we take care of each other. 用 because 把感受与原因连接起来，句子立刻更有内容。句型是先说感受，再用 because 说明理由；原因可以是一家人互相照顾、一起旅行或常常欢笑。原因要写具体的事情，不要只写 because they are nice 就停下来。
- 画家谱树举个例子：画一棵家谱树，每个格子用英文写上称谓，长辈放上层，平辈放下层；画好后向同学介绍：This is my grandmother. She lives in Sha Tin. 这个活动把称谓词与家中真实的人一一对应，记忆更深刻；介绍时每个格子至少说一句，练完整棵树，称谓词就自然熟练了。
5例题示范 Example
问题：怎样用四至五句英文，有条理地介绍自己的一位家人？
- 第一步：由称谓开始，用 This is my mother. 引出人物，让听的人第一时间知道介绍的是谁。
- 第二步：说职业或特点，例如 She is a nurse at a hospital.，一份简单资料就能令人物立体起来。
- 第三步：加日常习惯，例如 She cooks dinner for us every day.，注意主语是 she，动词 cooks 要加 s。
- 第四步：用 because 加上原因，例如 I love her because she takes care of us.，令介绍有感受也有理由。
- 第五步：把四句串成一段完整介绍，开口前先在心中默读一次，确保每句都有主语和动词。
- 答案：示范答案：This is my mother. She is a nurse at a hospital near our home. She cooks dinner for us every day. I love her because she takes care of us.
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1father 是什么？
Q2mother 是什么？
Q3brother 是什么？
Q4sister 是什么？
Q5grandfather 是什么？
Q6grandmother 是什么？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 家庭称谓要分清楚：father/mother、grandfather/grandmother、uncle/aunt。
- 介绍家人用 This is my...，再讲一样他/她的特点。
- 讲爸爸妈妈（他/她）做东西，动词要加 s：My father works...
- 周末家庭活动：visit grandparents、have dim sum together。
- 讲爱家人记得用 because 讲原因：because we take care of each other.