DSE Speaking Skills 說話應試技巧
進階主動 + 延伸。
- 開場兩句就夠:直接回應+原因,不要背準備好的獨白。
- 沒有想法就邀請人:「What's your view, ...?」一句拿鼓勵分+思考時間。
- 反對三件套:I see your point, but… + 理由 + 例子延伸。
文體小知識:Exam strategies.
§課文原文 Passage
1'Remember, the examiner wants to hear interaction, not a memorised speech.' Miss Ho tapped the desk as the bell rang. 'Too many candidates prepare a beautiful monologue and then sit there, terrified, when the discussion moves somewhere else.' 'The group discussion and the individual response are conversations, so treat them that way.'
2'So how should I start?' Jason asked. 'Respond directly to the question, then give a reason.' 'Keep your first turn short, because two sentences are enough to open.' 'After that, take turns naturally.' 'If you run out of ideas, invite a quieter member to share — "What's your view, Kelvin?" — because that single sentence earns marks for encouraging others and buys you twenty seconds to think.' 'And don't panic when you disagree, because nobody expects the group to agree.' 'Start politely — "I see your point, but…" — then add your reason and, if possible, extend the idea with an example.'
3'Can you give me an example of extending?' asked Jason. 'Certainly. Suppose Kelvin mentions cost.' 'Instead of changing the subject, you build on it — that's true for equipment, and the same problem applies to maintenance.' 'One extension, and the discussion deepens; the examiner is listening for exactly that.'
4'Got it,' Jason smiled. 'So: respond, reason, involve, and disagree politely.' 'Exactly,' said Miss Ho. 'And in the individual response at the end, speak for about a minute with one clear opinion and one example.' 'Do that, and the formula becomes your high mark in group interaction.' 'And remember,' Miss Ho added, 'nod, take notes and show that you are listening, because the examiner watches your body language as well as your words.'
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
'Remember, the examiner wants to hear interaction, not a memorised speech.'
「謹記,考官想聽到的是互動,不是背誦出來的演講。」
Miss Ho tapped the desk as the bell rang.
鐘聲響起,何老師敲了敲桌子。
'Too many candidates prepare a beautiful monologue and then sit there, terrified, when the discussion moves somewhere else.'
「太多考生準備了一篇漂亮的獨白,然後當討論轉到別處時,就坐在那裏嚇呆了。」
'The group discussion and the individual response are conversations, so treat them that way.'
「小組討論和個人回應都是對話,要以對話的心態應對。」
'So how should I start?' Jason asked.
「那我該怎樣開始?」Jason 問。
'Respond directly to the question, then give a reason.'
「直接回應問題,然後說出理由。」
'Keep your first turn short, because two sentences are enough to open.'
「第一輪發言要短,兩句已足夠開場。」
'After that, take turns naturally.'
「之後自然地輪流發言。」
'If you run out of ideas, invite a quieter member to share — "What's your view, Kelvin?" — because that single sentence earns marks for encouraging others and buys you twenty seconds to think.'
「如果詞窮,就邀請較沉默的組員發表意見——『Kelvin,你的意見呢?』——因為這一句既為鼓勵他人取得分數,也為你換來二十秒思考時間。」
'And don't panic when you disagree, because nobody expects the group to agree.'
「意見不合時也不要慌,因為沒有人期望全組意見一致。」
'Start politely — "I see your point, but…" — then add your reason and, if possible, extend the idea with an example.'
「先禮貌開場——『我明白你的想法,不過……』——然後補上理由,並盡可能以例子延伸意念。」
'Can you give me an example of extending?' asked Jason.
「可以給我一個延伸的例子嗎?」Jason 問。
'Certainly. Suppose Kelvin mentions cost.'
「當然可以。假設 Kelvin 提到成本。」
'Instead of changing the subject, you build on it — that's true for equipment, and the same problem applies to maintenance.'
「與其轉換話題,不如在他的論點上發展——設備確實如此,同樣的問題也適用於維修保養。」
'One extension, and the discussion deepens; the examiner is listening for exactly that.'
「一次延伸,討論便深化了;考官正是要聽這些。」
'Got it,' Jason smiled. 'So: respond, reason, involve, and disagree politely.'
「明白了,」Jason 微笑道。「所以就是:回應、說理由、帶動他人,以及有禮貌地表達異議。」
'Exactly,' said Miss Ho. 'And in the individual response at the end, speak for about a minute with one clear opinion and one example.'
「完全正確,」何老師說。「最後的個人回應部分,說大約一分鐘,一個清晰立場加一個例子。」
'Do that, and the formula becomes your high mark in group interaction.'
「做到這些,這套公式便會化為你在小組互動的高分。」
'And remember,' Miss Ho added, 'nod, take notes and show that you are listening, because the examiner watches your body language as well as your words.'
「還要記住,」何老師補充說,「點頭、做筆記、表現出你在聆聽,因為考官不只看你的話,也看你的身體語言。」
1重點摘要 Summary
主動 + 延伸。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
小組討論。
個人回應。
輪流。
同意。
反對。
延伸。
例子。
禮貌。
3逐步講解 Steps
- 小組小組的考點是小組討論的首輪發言以短為貴,考官要聽互動而非獨白。方法是開場兩句就夠:第一句直接回應題目,第二句說出原因;切勿背誦預先準備的長篇獨白,因為討論一旦轉向,背好的內容立即作廢。以本課為例,可先說 I think we should start with the cheapest option, because...,兩句之後停頓,把發言權交回小組。易錯位在於考生把開場當演講,一口氣說足一分鐘,既中斷互動,亦暴露準備僵化;謹記 keep your first turn short,首輪短,後路才長。
- 個人個人的考點是個人短講環節約一分鐘,內容講求精不在多。方法是把結構壓到最簡:一個清晰意見加一個具體例子;意見先說,例子隨後,收結一句呼應意見。以本課為例,意見是學校應增設自習室,例子是考前圖書館一位難求的親身觀察。易錯位在於考生貪心說三四個意見,每個都說不深;或者只說兩句便坐下,長度不足;一分鐘、一個意見、一個例子,是剛好的配置。
- 禮貌禮貌的考點是表達異議的方式直接影響互動分,禮貌反對是必備技巧。方法是用 I see your point, but... 開頭,先確認對方的合理性,再說出自己的理由;同時學會邀請沉默組員:What's your view, Kelvin? 一句話有雙重功效。以本課為例,組員說完設備成本,你以 I see your point, but maintenance matters too 接住。易錯位在於考生直接說 I don't agree 或者 you are wrong,語氣傷人又失分;一句邀請既可以取得鼓勵分,又可以為自己買到二十秒思考時間。
- 例子延伸的考點是延伸令討論深入一層,是考官重點聆聽的訊號。方法是組員提出論點後,不要轉話題,而是沿同一方向推進一步:他說設備成本,你接著說維修費用;句式可用 to build on that 開頭,貫徹 instead of changing the subject, you build on it 的精神。以本課為例,Kelvin 提出平板電腦的購置成本,你補充長遠的維修與更新同樣是開支。易錯位在於考生各說各話,討論淪為輪流演講;一次延伸就能令對話產生縱深,這正是高分互動的特徵。
- 四步公式四步公式的考點是 respond、reason、involve、disagree politely 要練成條件反射。方法是每輪發言都套用:先回應(respond),再說原因(reason),中途邀請他人(involve),異議時保持禮貌(disagree politely);平時練習就按此流程執行,考場才不必臨場思索。以本課為例,一輪完整發言是回應題目、補上原因、邀請 Kelvin 表態、對不同意見禮貌反駁。易錯位在於考生四步只會前兩步,從不邀請別人,也從不回應異議;the formula becomes your high mark in group interaction,公式就是高分互動的骨架。
- 身體語言身體語言的考點是說話卷的評分不止聽你說什麼,還看你怎樣對待組員。方法是全程維持三個動作:點頭回應發言者、在自己筆記簿記下組員要點、與各考官和組員保持眼神接觸;這些動作傳達 show that you are listening 的訊息。以本課為例,組員發言時點頭並記筆記,輪到自己發言時可以自然引用他的論點。易錯位在於考生埋首準備自己的發言稿,別人發言時毫無反應;身體語言是互動分的一半,考官全程都看在眼內。
- 輪流不搶輪流的考點是發言秩序體現小組意識,搶話是明顯的扣分位。方法是等組員說完才接話,接話前可用 just to add... 作緩衝;人少冷場時主動開新題,人多爭論時退一步協助總結;開題、補充、總結,每個角色都有分。以本課為例,兩位組員同時開口時笑說 after you,風度即時顯現。易錯位在於考生怕吃虧,見縫插針搶話,打斷他人;小組討論考的是群體智慧,懂得讓與懂得說同樣重要。
5例題示範 Example
Miss Ho 教了 Jason 一套 DSE 說話公式。總結她的「respond, reason, involve, disagree politely」四步,並解釋為什麼「involve」是拿分位。
- 第一步:Respond 直接回應題目,首輪兩句就夠——「Keep your first turn short」,不要背獨白。
- 第二步:Reason 立場後面立即跟原因,沒有原因的意見缺乏說服力。
- 第三步:Involve 是秘密武器:邀請沉默組員——「What's your view, Kelvin?」——拿鼓勵分之餘還買到二十秒思考時間。
- 第四步:Disagree politely:「I see your point, but…」加原因,再用例子延伸(Kelvin 講設備成本,你接住講維修費)。
- 第五步:個人回應講約一分鐘:一個清晰意見加一個例子;全程點頭、做筆記,身體語言都計分。
- 答案:Miss Ho 的公式四步走。Respond:首輪直接回應題目,兩句開場就夠——考官想聽互動不是背誦獨白。Reason:立場後面立即補原因。Involve 是最聰明一步:一句「What's your view, Kelvin?」同時達到三個效果——鼓勵沉默組員(有分)、展示組織力、為自己買二十秒想下一點。Disagree politely:用「I see your point, but…」開頭,講完理由再延伸——Kelvin 講設備成本,你接住講維修費同一樣是問題,一次延伸令討論深入一層。個人回應環節講約一分鐘:一個意見一個例子。最後身體語言都計分:點頭、記筆記,考官看的不止是你的說話。
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
76 題快測 Quick check
Q1DSE 說話形式?
Q2小組討論時間?
Q3個人回應時間?
Q4技巧?
Q5禮貌?
Q6例子?
8重點回顧 Recap
- 開場兩句就夠:直接回應+原因,不要背準備好的獨白。
- 沒有想法就邀請人:「What's your view, ...?」一句拿鼓勵分+思考時間。
- 反對三件套:I see your point, but… + 理由 + 例子延伸。
- 延伸令討論深入:接住別人論點加新層面,不要轉話題。
- 個人回應一分鐘:一個意見一個例子;點頭做筆記都計分。