Prepositions 介詞
基礎常見方位介詞。
- 方位介詞：in、on、under、behind、in front of、next to、between。
- 時間介詞口訣：in 月份季節、on 日子、at 時刻。
- 畫一幅房間圖，擺好東西再用英文講位置。
文體小知識：In, on, under, behind.
§課文原文 Passage
1Let me tell you where everything is in my bedroom. My bed is next to the window. There is a small lamp on the desk, and my school bag is under the chair. My cat loves to sleep behind the door because it is warm there. Sometimes it hides under my bed too.
2The bookshelf is between the bed and the desk. In front of the bookshelf, there is a soft carpet. I keep my toys in a big box near the wardrobe. There is a poster on the wall above my bed. My clock is on the bedside table, near my pillow. Everything has its own place.
3When I do my homework, my cat sits on my knees and watches me. On Sundays, I tidy my room and put everything in the right place. My room is small, but it is cosy and full of love. My cat always follows me. Now you know my room very well. Can you draw a picture of it and show me where the cat is?
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Let me tell you where everything is in my bedroom.
讓我告訴你我房間裡的東西放在哪裡。
My bed is next to the window.
我張床在窗旁邊。
There is a small lamp on the desk, and my school bag is under the chair.
書桌上有盞小燈，書包就在椅子下面。
My cat loves to sleep behind the door because it is warm there.
我的貓喜歡在門後面睡覺，因為那裡暖烘烘。
Sometimes it hides under my bed too.
有時牠還會躲在床底。
The bookshelf is between the bed and the desk.
書架在床同書桌之間。
In front of the bookshelf, there is a soft carpet.
書架前面有一塊好軟的地氈。
I keep my toys in a big box near the wardrobe.
我的玩具收在衣櫃附近一個大箱裡面。
There is a poster on the wall above my bed.
床頭上方的牆上有一張海報。
My clock is on the bedside table, near my pillow.
我的時鐘在床頭櫃上，靠近枕頭。
Everything has its own place.
每樣東西都有自己的位置。
When I do my homework, my cat sits on my knees and watches me.
我做功課的時候，我的貓會坐在我膝蓋上看著我。
On Sundays, I tidy my room and put everything in the right place.
逢星期日，我會整理房間，把東西放回原位。
My room is small, but it is cosy and full of love.
我的房間不大，但是好溫馨、充滿愛。
My cat always follows me.
我的貓常常跟著我。
Now you know my room very well.
現在你對我的房間好熟。
Can you draw a picture of it and show me where the cat is?
你可以畫一幅圖，告訴我那隻貓在哪裡嗎？
1重點摘要 Summary
常見方位介詞。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
在...裡。
在...上。
在...下。
在...後。
在旁邊。
在中間。
在前。
靠近。
3逐步講解 Steps
- 位置介詞 in / on / under表示位置的三個基本介詞：in 表示在裡面，例如 in the box；on 表示在表面上，例如 on the desk；under 表示在下面，例如 under the chair。例句：The cat is under the table. 要注意 in 與 on 的分別：in 強調被包圍，on 強調接觸表面；說東西在樹上，外來的東西用 in the tree，樹本身生長的用 on the tree，例如 apples on the tree，這是經典辨析。
- 方向描述相對位置的介詞還有 behind（在後面）、next to（在旁邊）以及 between（在兩者中間）。例句：The bank is between the shop and the school. 要注意 behind 與 in front of 相對；next to 表示緊挨著，也可以說 beside；between 必須涉及兩個對象，並用 and 連接，例如 between A and B；對象多於兩個時英語要用 among，小學階段先記牢 between A and B 的格式。
- 前方in front of 表示在前面，例如：There is a tree in front of my house. 要注意 in front of 與 behind 正好相對；另一個短語 in the front of 表示在某個空間內的前部，兩者有細微差別：in front of the bus 指車外的前面，in the front of the bus 指車廂內的前排；小學階段只要分清 in front of 與 behind 的關係，並把整個短語當作一個單位記住即可。
- 練習用問答練習方位最有效：Where is the cat? On the mat. 例句：Where is the ball? It is under the bed. 要注意 where 開頭的問句用 be 動詞提問，回答可以只說介詞短語，也可以補上 It is；提問與回答的指代要一致，問 the cat 就用 It 回答；練習時可以拿房間裡的實物互相問答，把每個介詞說上幾遍，記憶就會牢固得多。
- 方位詞總覽把方位介詞整理成一張圖來記：in（裡面）、on（上面）、under（下面）、behind（後面）、in front of（前面）、next to（旁邊）、between（兩者中間）。例句：The school bag is behind the door. 要注意記憶時可以想像一張書桌：筆在桌上 on the desk、紙在抽屜裡 in the drawer、書在桌下 under the table；把單詞與畫面連結起來，比硬背中文解釋有效得多，這是記詞彙的實用技巧。
- 時間介詞 in / on / at時間介詞有三條規則：in 配較長的時間，例如 in July、in summer、in 2026；on 配具體日子，例如 on Monday、on 1 May；at 配時刻與短暫時間，例如 at eight o'clock、at noon。例句：We have a holiday on 1 July. 要注意 at night 是固定搭配，與 in the morning、in the afternoon 不同，要單獨記住；三個介詞按時間長短分層，從 at 到 on 到 in 逐漸變長，理解了層次就不易混淆。
5例題示範 Example
問題：怎樣用介詞把房間裡東西的位置說清楚？
- 第一步：選定一件東西作為描述中心，例如床，圍繞它組織整段文字，例如：My bed.
- 第二步：說明它在哪裡，用 next to 加參照物，例如：My bed is next to the window.
- 第三步：加入第二件東西，用 on 說明接觸面，例如：There is a small lamp on the desk.
- 第四步：用 under 與 behind 增加變化，避免整段只用一個介詞，例如：My school bag is under the chair. My cat sleeps behind the door.
- 第五步：與同學互相提問，用 where 問、用介詞短語答，檢查自己是否真正掌握，例如：Where is the cat? It is behind the door.
- 答案：示範答案：My bed is next to the window. There is a small lamp on the desk, and my school bag is under the chair. My cat loves to sleep behind the door.
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
76 題快測 Quick check
Q1在裡面？
Q2在上面？
Q3在下面？
Q4在後面？
Q5在旁邊？
Q6在前？
8重點回顧 Recap
- 方位介詞：in、on、under、behind、in front of、next to、between。
- 時間介詞口訣：in 月份季節、on 日子、at 時刻。
- 畫一幅房間圖，擺好東西再用英文講位置。
- Where is...? 問位置，用介詞短語答。
- 下一個功夫：between A and B 講兩樣東西中間。