Prepositions 介词
基础常见方位介词。
- 方位介词：in、on、under、behind、in front of、next to、between。
- 时间介词口诀：in 月份季节、on 日子、at 时刻。
- 画一幅房间图，摆好东西再用英文讲位置。
文体小知识：In, on, under, behind.
§课文原文 Passage
1Let me tell you where everything is in my bedroom. My bed is next to the window. There is a small lamp on the desk, and my school bag is under the chair. My cat loves to sleep behind the door because it is warm there. Sometimes it hides under my bed too.
2The bookshelf is between the bed and the desk. In front of the bookshelf, there is a soft carpet. I keep my toys in a big box near the wardrobe. There is a poster on the wall above my bed. My clock is on the bedside table, near my pillow. Everything has its own place.
3When I do my homework, my cat sits on my knees and watches me. On Sundays, I tidy my room and put everything in the right place. My room is small, but it is cosy and full of love. My cat always follows me. Now you know my room very well. Can you draw a picture of it and show me where the cat is?
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Let me tell you where everything is in my bedroom.
让我告诉你我房间里的东西放在哪里。
My bed is next to the window.
我张床在窗旁边。
There is a small lamp on the desk, and my school bag is under the chair.
书桌上有盏小灯，书包就在椅子下面。
My cat loves to sleep behind the door because it is warm there.
我的猫喜欢在门后面睡觉，因为那里暖烘烘。
Sometimes it hides under my bed too.
有时牠还会躲在床底。
The bookshelf is between the bed and the desk.
书架在床同书桌之间。
In front of the bookshelf, there is a soft carpet.
书架前面有一块好软的地毡。
I keep my toys in a big box near the wardrobe.
我的玩具收在衣柜附近一个大箱里面。
There is a poster on the wall above my bed.
床头上方的墙上有一张海报。
My clock is on the bedside table, near my pillow.
我的时钟在床头柜上，靠近枕头。
Everything has its own place.
每样东西都有自己的位置。
When I do my homework, my cat sits on my knees and watches me.
我做功课的时候，我的猫会坐在我膝盖上看著我。
On Sundays, I tidy my room and put everything in the right place.
逢星期日，我会整理房间，把东西放回原位。
My room is small, but it is cosy and full of love.
我的房间不大，但是好温馨、充满爱。
My cat always follows me.
我的猫常常跟著我。
Now you know my room very well.
现在你对我的房间好熟。
Can you draw a picture of it and show me where the cat is?
你可以画一幅图，告诉我那只猫在哪里吗？
1重点摘要 Summary
常见方位介词。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
在...里。
在...上。
在...下。
在...后。
在旁边。
在中间。
在前。
靠近。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 位置介词 in / on / under表示位置的三个基本介词：in 表示在里面，例如 in the box；on 表示在表面上，例如 on the desk；under 表示在下面，例如 under the chair。例句：The cat is under the table. 要注意 in 与 on 的分别：in 强调被包围，on 强调接触表面；说东西在树上，外来的东西用 in the tree，树本身生长的用 on the tree，例如 apples on the tree，这是经典辨析。
- 方向描述相对位置的介词还有 behind（在后面）、next to（在旁边）以及 between（在两者中间）。例句：The bank is between the shop and the school. 要注意 behind 与 in front of 相对；next to 表示紧挨著，也可以说 beside；between 必须涉及两个对象，并用 and 连接，例如 between A and B；对象多于两个时英语要用 among，小学阶段先记牢 between A and B 的格式。
- 前方in front of 表示在前面，例如：There is a tree in front of my house. 要注意 in front of 与 behind 正好相对；另一个短语 in the front of 表示在某个空间内的前部，两者有细微差别：in front of the bus 指车外的前面，in the front of the bus 指车厢内的前排；小学阶段只要分清 in front of 与 behind 的关系，并把整个短语当作一个单位记住即可。
- 练习用问答练习方位最有效：Where is the cat? On the mat. 例句：Where is the ball? It is under the bed. 要注意 where 开头的问句用 be 动词提问，回答可以只说介词短语，也可以补上 It is；提问与回答的指代要一致，问 the cat 就用 It 回答；练习时可以拿房间里的实物互相问答，把每个介词说上几遍，记忆就会牢固得多。
- 方位词总览把方位介词整理成一张图来记：in（里面）、on（上面）、under（下面）、behind（后面）、in front of（前面）、next to（旁边）、between（两者中间）。例句：The school bag is behind the door. 要注意记忆时可以想像一张书桌：笔在桌上 on the desk、纸在抽屉里 in the drawer、书在桌下 under the table；把单词与画面连结起来，比硬背中文解释有效得多，这是记词汇的实用技巧。
- 时间介词 in / on / at时间介词有三条规则：in 配较长的时间，例如 in July、in summer、in 2026；on 配具体日子，例如 on Monday、on 1 May；at 配时刻与短暂时间，例如 at eight o'clock、at noon。例句：We have a holiday on 1 July. 要注意 at night 是固定搭配，与 in the morning、in the afternoon 不同，要单独记住；三个介词按时间长短分层，从 at 到 on 到 in 逐渐变长，理解了层次就不易混淆。
5例题示范 Example
问题：怎样用介词把房间里东西的位置说清楚？
- 第一步：选定一件东西作为描述中心，例如床，围绕它组织整段文字，例如：My bed.
- 第二步：说明它在哪里，用 next to 加参照物，例如：My bed is next to the window.
- 第三步：加入第二件东西，用 on 说明接触面，例如：There is a small lamp on the desk.
- 第四步：用 under 与 behind 增加变化，避免整段只用一个介词，例如：My school bag is under the chair. My cat sleeps behind the door.
- 第五步：与同学互相提问，用 where 问、用介词短语答，检查自己是否真正掌握，例如：Where is the cat? It is behind the door.
- 答案：示范答案：My bed is next to the window. There is a small lamp on the desk, and my school bag is under the chair. My cat loves to sleep behind the door.
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1在里面？
Q2在上面？
Q3在下面？
Q4在后面？
Q5在旁边？
Q6在前？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 方位介词：in、on、under、behind、in front of、next to、between。
- 时间介词口诀：in 月份季节、on 日子、at 时刻。
- 画一幅房间图，摆好东西再用英文讲位置。
- Where is...? 问位置，用介词短语答。
- 下一个功夫：between A and B 讲两样东西中间。