Reading Signs 讀告示

基礎

告示字少,但信息明確。

適合:小五英國語文 · 單元:閱讀 · 建議學習路徑第 13/21 課

學完呢課,你會識:
  • 告示字少信息大:Exit(出口)、Entrance(入口)、No smoking(禁止吸煙)。
  • No + V-ing / 名詞 = 禁止:No eating、No parking。
  • must not 一定不得;may 可以做。
文體:Reading有聲朗讀

文體小知識:Public notices.

作者

英國語文English Language

§課文原文 Passage

1Welcome to City Library. Before you go in, please look at the signs near the entrance. Please read the rules carefully. First, keep your voice low. Do not talk loudly. Second, food and drinks are not allowed. You may not eat or drink inside. Third, books may be borrowed for two weeks. Please return them on time.

2If you need help, ask the librarian at the front desk. She is friendly and ready to help. Please queue up when many people are waiting. Do not run inside the library. Remember, smoking is not allowed here. You can see a 'No smoking' sign outside the door. The toilets are on the first floor, near the stairs.

3The library is open from 9 am to 9 pm on weekdays, and from 10 am to 6 pm on weekends. It is closed on the first day of the year. You can enter through the front entrance next to the bus stop. The exit is on the other side of the building. You do not need a ticket to enter, but you need a library card to borrow books. Enjoy reading!

§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation

Welcome to City Library.

歡迎來到城市圖書館。

Before you go in, please look at the signs near the entrance.

進去之前,請看一下入口附近的告示牌。

Please read the rules carefully.

請細心閱讀規則。

First, keep your voice low.

第一,保持安靜。

Do not talk loudly.

不要大聲說話。

Second, food and drinks are not allowed.

第二,不准飲食。

You may not eat or drink inside.

場內不可以吃東西、喝東西。

Third, books may be borrowed for two weeks.

第三,那些書可以借兩星期。

Please return them on time.

請準時還書。

If you need help, ask the librarian at the front desk.

如果需要幫忙,可以問服務台的圖書館員。

She is friendly and ready to help.

她好友善,好樂意幫忙。

Please queue up when many people are waiting.

多人等候時,請排好隊。

Do not run inside the library.

不要在圖書館裡面奔跑。

Remember, smoking is not allowed here.

記住,這裡不准吸煙。

You can see a 'No smoking' sign outside the door.

門口外面有個「不准吸煙」告示。

The toilets are on the first floor, near the stairs.

洗手間在一樓,在樓梯附近。

The library is open from 9 am to 9 pm on weekdays, and from 10 am to 6 pm on weekends.

圖書館平日朝九晚九開放,週末就朝十晚六。

It is closed on the first day of the year.

每年的第一天休息。

You can enter through the front entrance next to the bus stop.

可以由巴士站旁邊的正門進去。

The exit is on the other side of the building.

出口在大樓的另一邊。

You do not need a ticket to enter, but you need a library card to borrow books.

進去不需要門票,但借書就需要圖書證。

Enjoy reading!

祝你閱讀愉快!

1重點摘要 Summary

告示字少,但信息明確。

2生字卡 Vocabulary

s
sign名詞

告示。

e
entrance名詞

入口。

e
exit名詞

出口。

t
toilet名詞

廁所。

n
no smoking短語

不准吸煙。

q
queue動詞/名詞

排隊。

t
ticket名詞

車票。

o
open形容詞

營業。

3逐步講解 Steps

  1. 地點常見的場所標誌詞有 entrance(入口)、exit(出口)、toilet(洗手間)、lift(升降機)以及 information(詢問處)。例句:The exit is on the left. 要注意 exit 指出口,emergency exit 指緊急出口;這些詞在商場、機場與圖書館都能見到,認得它們就能快速找到方向;閱讀標誌時先掃一眼大字,再看下面的小字說明,順序不要顛倒,理解才會完整。
  2. 規則禁止類的標誌多用 no 開頭:No smoking(禁止吸煙)、No eating(禁止飲食)、No parking(禁止停泊車輛)。例句:There is a No smoking sign in the library. 要注意 no 之後接名詞或動詞 ing 形式;看到 no 開頭的標誌,就表示那裡不准進行這種行為;標誌往往配有圖案,圖文對照可以幫助確認意思,即使遇到生詞也不會誤解,這是閱讀標誌的重要技巧。
  3. 動作指示類標誌常用簡短動詞:queue(排隊)、wait(等候)、buy ticket(購票)、push(推)、pull(拉)。例句:Please queue up here. 要注意標誌上的動詞多用原形,或以 please 開頭,語氣直接而不失禮貌;push 與 pull 是門上的常見標誌,意思剛好相反,認錯了門就打不開;看到以動詞開頭的句子,多半是提示或指令,要立即按照指示行動。
  4. 時間營業或開放時間的標誌常用 open(開放)與 closed(關閉),並配上時間:Open 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. 例句:The library is closed on Sundays. 要注意 open 與 closed 在句中作形容詞,前面用 is;a.m. 表示上午,p.m. 表示下午與晚上,兩者不能混淆;閱讀這類標誌時,先找 is open 或 is closed,再看時間範圍,就能判斷現在是否開放。
  5. No + 名詞 / V-ing禁止標誌的公式是 no 加名詞或動詞 ing:No smoking(禁止吸煙)、No eating(禁止飲食)、No parking(禁止停泊車輛)。例句:No swimming in this river. 要注意動詞必須用 ing 形式,不能寫 No smoke 或 No swim;這種寫法省略了 you are,完整的意思是 You must not smoke here;看到 no 開頭的標誌,就要聯想到 must not,兩種說法可以互相改寫,這也是常見的變換句式練習。
  6. must / may 不和力度標誌與規則的語氣有強弱之分:You must not smoke here 表示一定不可以,是強制禁止;You may borrow books 表示可以做,是許可。要注意 must 的否定式 must not 語氣最強,違反會有後果;may 表示允許,也可以用 can 代替;should 則是建議,語氣介於兩者之間,例如 You should keep quiet. 閱讀時抓住 must、may、should 三個詞,就能判斷規則的強度與後果。

5例題示範 Example

問題:圖書館門口張貼了幾條規則,怎樣逐條讀明白?

  1. 第一步:逐條圈出動詞或關鍵詞,先弄清每條規則針對的行為,例如:keep your voice low(保持小聲)、food and drinks are not allowed(不准攜帶飲食)。
  2. 第二步:把規則分為禁止與許可兩類:not allowed 表示禁止,may borrow 表示許可。
  3. 第三步:用自己的文字複述每條規則,確認理解正確,例如:館內要保持安靜,不准吃東西。
  4. 第四步:找出時間資料,例如 open 與 closed 以及開放的鐘點,判斷什麼時候適合前往。
  5. 第五步:按照規則行動,例如進館之前收好小吃,交談保持小聲。
  6. 答案:示範答案:圖書館的規則是:keep your voice low(保持小聲)、food and drinks are not allowed(不准攜帶飲食)。You may borrow books(可以借書)。所以進館之前要先收好小吃,交談保持小聲。

6常見錯誤 Mistakes

✗ Exit 是入口。
✓ Exit 是出口;入口是 Entrance.
✗ No smoking 即是可以吸煙。
✓ No smoking 是禁止吸煙。
✗ 以為 not allowed 同 may 一樣。
✓ not allowed = 不准;may = 可以。
✗ open / closed 不分。
✓ Open 正在營業;Closed 已關門。

79 題快測 Quick check

Q1入口?

Q2出口?

Q3不准吸煙?

Q4廁所?

Q5排隊?

Q6營業?

Q7可以在圖書館吃東西嗎?

Q8借書要用什麼?

Q9誰可以幫你?

8重點回顧 Recap

  • 告示字少信息大:Exit(出口)、Entrance(入口)、No smoking(禁止吸煙)。
  • No + V-ing / 名詞 = 禁止:No eating、No parking。
  • must not 一定不得;may 可以做。
  • 入公共場所先看 rules,先不會犯規。
  • Open / Closed 表示開不開門,看清楚再進去。

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