Agreeing & Disagreeing 同意與反對
進階先肯定再反對。
- 反對三段式：肯定對方（I see your point）+ but + 你的理由。
- 同意都要有內容：That's true / You're right 之後加一個新例子。
- 部分同意用 I partly agree，或者 as long as 加條件。
文體小知識：Polite responses.
§課文原文 Passage
1I think schools should ban mobile phones completely. I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme. Phones are useful learning tools — we can check vocabulary instantly. Many parents would agree with me, I think. Do you really think a complete ban would work in our school?
2That's true. However, some students can't resist playing games in class. Last month my seatmate spent the whole English lesson on video games. And remember the boy who photographed a classmate and posted it online? Not to mention the students who film others without permission. You're right, and phones also cause arguments in the playground. Several students even lost their phones during PE last term.
3So maybe a compromise: phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons. I partly agree. Perhaps we should also collect them before tests. That sounds fair, as long as the school provides lockers. The student union could buy a lockable cabinet for every classroom. Perhaps during breaks they can be used at the canteen only.
4We could also suggest a rule: phones must stay in bags on silent mode. And teachers could give warnings before any punishment. We should ask teachers to allow phones for research tasks too. Exactly — teach us to use them properly instead of taking them away. Now that's a solution we can both support! Great. I'll draw up a poster to explain our proposal. Let's write it up for the class meeting on Friday. Even our club activities suffer when everyone stares at screens. Perfect — the class meeting will decide, but at least we agree on something.
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
I think schools should ban mobile phones completely.
我覺得學校應該完全禁手機。
I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme.
我明白你的意思，但全面禁止可能太極端。
Phones are useful learning tools — we can check vocabulary instantly.
手機是有用的學習工具——我們可以即時查生字。
Many parents would agree with me, I think.
我覺得許多家長都會認同我。
Do you really think a complete ban would work in our school?
你真的覺得全面禁止在我們學校行得通？
That's true. However, some students can't resist playing games in class.
沒錯。不過有些同學上課忍不住打電動。
Last month my seatmate spent the whole English lesson on video games.
上個月我旁邊的同桌整堂英文課都在打電動。
And remember the boy who photographed a classmate and posted it online?
還記不記得有個男生拍了同學的照片放上網？
Not to mention the students who film others without permission.
更不用說那些未經同意就偷拍人的學生。
You're right, and phones also cause arguments in the playground.
你說得對，手機在操場都引起過爭執。
Several students even lost their phones during PE last term.
上學期還有幾個同學在體育堂不見了手機。
So maybe a compromise: phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons.
那麼或者折衷一下：小息可以用，上課不准。
I partly agree. Perhaps we should also collect them before tests.
我部分同意。或者測驗之前還要收回手機。
That sounds fair, as long as the school provides lockers.
這樣也合理，只要學校提供儲物櫃。
The student union could buy a lockable cabinet for every classroom.
學生會可以為每間課室買一個有鎖的櫃。
Perhaps during breaks they can be used at the canteen only.
或者小息時，只准在飯堂用手機。
We could also suggest a rule: phones must stay in bags on silent mode.
我們還可以建議一條規矩：手機要放在袋裡面，調到靜音。
And teachers could give warnings before any punishment.
老師可以先警告，之後才罰。
We should ask teachers to allow phones for research tasks too.
我們也應該要求老師在資料搜集任務中讓我們用手機。
Exactly — teach us to use them properly instead of taking them away.
沒錯——教我們正確使用，而不是把它們收走。
Now that's a solution we can both support!
這個方案我們兩個都可以支持！
Great. I'll draw up a poster to explain our proposal.
好。我會做一張海報解釋我們的建議。
Let's write it up for the class meeting on Friday.
我們把它寫下來，星期五班會用。
Even our club activities suffer when everyone stares at screens.
人人只顧看屏幕，連課外活動都受影響。
Perfect — the class meeting will decide, but at least we agree on something.
好——班會會作決定，但至少我們在一件事上達成了共識。
1重點摘要 Summary
先肯定再反對。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
同意。
反對。
部份。
我明白你。
但是。
另一方面。
對。
但。
3逐步講解 Steps
- 同意同意的考點是附上實質內容。方法是在 I agree 或 That's true 之後立即補一個新例子或新論點。以課文為例：You're right, and phones also cause arguments in the playground，同意之餘補充操場爭執的新證據，討論得以推進。易錯之處是學生只講 agree 兩個字便停下，等待對方接力；小組討論的計分點是互動與貢獻，空泛的同意在評分上等於沒有參與，每次同意都須帶上新的內容，這是討論的第一守則。
- 部份部分同意的考點是保留獨立判斷。方法是用 I partly agree 開場，或以 as long as 附加條件。以課文為例：That sounds fair, as long as the school provides lockers，接受方案同時提出儲物櫃的前置條件，既合作又有立場。易錯之處是學生全盤接受對方方案，顯得沒有思考；有條件的同意展示權衡能力，是討論中最受歡迎的表態方式，比單純支持或反對都更容易取得分數，條件亦為後續討論提供了台階。
- 反對反對的考點是禮貌而有力。方法是三段式：先肯定對方 I see your point，再以 but 轉折，最後給出自己的理由。以課文為例：I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme，反對的是程度而非人物，對方立場被尊重，討論不會變成爭吵。易錯之處是學生開口便是 You are wrong，攻擊對方而非觀點；禮貌框架令反對更容易被聽進去，這是討論禮儀與說服效果的交匯點，先禮後兵是反對的標準程序。
- 另一方面On the other hand 是引入相反觀點的標準句式，考點是雙方論據並陳。方法是先概述對方理由，再以句式帶出自己的陣營。以課文為例：手機作為學習工具可以即時查詢詞彙，作為課堂干擾則有打電動與偷拍的實例，兩邊都有內容可講。易錯之處是學生只講自己一方，變成各自表述；先承認對方論點再講己方，討論才有交鋒，評分者也才能看到你聽懂了對方，雙向論證是互動分的直接來源。
- 談出共識討論僵持時的出路是妥協，考點是提出雙方各讓一步的方案。方法是以 So maybe a compromise 開場，把兩邊立場拼成折衷方案。以課文為例：phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons，小息可用、上課禁用，雙方核心利益各自保住；再以 Now that's a solution we can both support! 確認共識。易錯之處是學生把討論當辯論，務求壓倒對方；小組討論的目標是共識，主動提出折衷方案是最高分的行為，共識才是終點。
- 輪流發言討論禮儀的考點是輪流發言。方法是讓對方講完才回應，必要時以 That's a fair point 承接再補充。以課文為例，兩位同學你來我往卻沒有一次搶話，每輪回應都緊扣上一輪內容。易錯之處是學生急於表現而打斷對方，或只顧背誦自己準備的講稿；小組討論計的是互動質素而非個人演講，聽懂對方、接住對方，才是互動分的來源，搶話不僅無分，更會被考官記名扣分，等待亦是策略。
- 落實方案共識須要落實為行動，考點是把結論具體化。方法是在討論尾聲分配任務。以課文為例：I'll draw up a poster 以及 write it up for the class meeting on Friday，誰負責海報、誰負責於星期五班會提交建議，分工清楚，討論顯示出實際成果。易錯之處是學生得出結論便散場，方案停留在口頭；落實安排令整場討論有始有終，亦是最後一刻展示組織能力的機會，有跟進的討論在評分表上是一個明顯的加分記號。
5例題示範 Example
對話由「完全禁手機」談到達成共識。拆解它怎樣用同意/反對用語由對立走向 compromise，哪些句子最值得借用。
- 第一步：反對先肯定：「I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme」——不否定對方，只反對程度。
- 第二步：支持方用實例推進：同桌整堂打電動、偷拍同學相放上網、體育堂丟了手機。
- 第三步：轉捩點是讓步句：「So maybe a compromise: phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons」。
- 第四步：有條件同意：「That sounds fair, as long as the school provides lockers」——as long as 加條件，不是盲從。
- 第五步：共識句式：「Now that's a solution we can both support!」——以共同方案收結，還約好星期五班會。
- 答案：這段對話是同意/反對用語的教科書。反對方先肯定後反駁：「I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme」，不攻擊人；支持方堆實例：同桌整堂打電動、偷拍同學放上網、體育堂丟了手機，證明問題真實。轉捩是一句 compromise：「phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons」，雙方由立場之爭轉成方案設計；「as long as the school provides lockers」示範有條件同意。最後「Now that's a solution we can both support」以共識收結，還約好星期五班會提交建議。高分討論就是這樣：禮貌反對、證據支持、讓步求成。
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
76 題快測 Quick check
Q1同意怎樣說？
Q2反對點講？
Q3部分同意？
Q4另一方面？
Q5禮貌？
Q6例子？
8重點回顧 Recap
- 反對三段式：肯定對方（I see your point）+ but + 你的理由。
- 同意都要有內容：That's true / You're right 之後加一個新例子。
- 部分同意用 I partly agree，或者 as long as 加條件。
- 談不攏就各讓一步（compromise）：課室不給、小息可以，雙方各讓一步。
- 共識句收結：Now that's a solution we can both support——討論求共識不求贏。