Agreeing & Disagreeing 同意与反对
进阶先肯定再反对。
- 反对三段式：肯定对方（I see your point）+ but + 你的理由。
- 同意都要有内容：That's true / You're right 之后加一个新例子。
- 部分同意用 I partly agree，或者 as long as 加条件。
文体小知识：Polite responses.
§课文原文 Passage
1I think schools should ban mobile phones completely. I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme. Phones are useful learning tools — we can check vocabulary instantly. Many parents would agree with me, I think. Do you really think a complete ban would work in our school?
2That's true. However, some students can't resist playing games in class. Last month my seatmate spent the whole English lesson on video games. And remember the boy who photographed a classmate and posted it online? Not to mention the students who film others without permission. You're right, and phones also cause arguments in the playground. Several students even lost their phones during PE last term.
3So maybe a compromise: phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons. I partly agree. Perhaps we should also collect them before tests. That sounds fair, as long as the school provides lockers. The student union could buy a lockable cabinet for every classroom. Perhaps during breaks they can be used at the canteen only.
4We could also suggest a rule: phones must stay in bags on silent mode. And teachers could give warnings before any punishment. We should ask teachers to allow phones for research tasks too. Exactly — teach us to use them properly instead of taking them away. Now that's a solution we can both support! Great. I'll draw up a poster to explain our proposal. Let's write it up for the class meeting on Friday. Even our club activities suffer when everyone stares at screens. Perfect — the class meeting will decide, but at least we agree on something.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
I think schools should ban mobile phones completely.
我觉得学校应该完全禁手机。
I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme.
我明白你的意思，但全面禁止可能太极端。
Phones are useful learning tools — we can check vocabulary instantly.
手机是有用的学习工具——我们可以即时查生字。
Many parents would agree with me, I think.
我觉得许多家长都会认同我。
Do you really think a complete ban would work in our school?
你真的觉得全面禁止在我们学校行得通？
That's true. However, some students can't resist playing games in class.
没错。不过有些同学上课忍不住打电动。
Last month my seatmate spent the whole English lesson on video games.
上个月我旁边的同桌整堂英文课都在打电动。
And remember the boy who photographed a classmate and posted it online?
还记不记得有个男生拍了同学的照片放上网？
Not to mention the students who film others without permission.
更不用说那些未经同意就偷拍人的学生。
You're right, and phones also cause arguments in the playground.
你说得对，手机在操场都引起过争执。
Several students even lost their phones during PE last term.
上学期还有几个同学在体育堂不见了手机。
So maybe a compromise: phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons.
那么或者折衷一下：小息可以用，上课不准。
I partly agree. Perhaps we should also collect them before tests.
我部分同意。或者测验之前还要收回手机。
That sounds fair, as long as the school provides lockers.
这样也合理，只要学校提供储物柜。
The student union could buy a lockable cabinet for every classroom.
学生会可以为每间课室买一个有锁的柜。
Perhaps during breaks they can be used at the canteen only.
或者小息时，只准在饭堂用手机。
We could also suggest a rule: phones must stay in bags on silent mode.
我们还可以建议一条规矩：手机要放在袋里面，调到静音。
And teachers could give warnings before any punishment.
老师可以先警告，之后才罚。
We should ask teachers to allow phones for research tasks too.
我们也应该要求老师在资料搜集任务中让我们用手机。
Exactly — teach us to use them properly instead of taking them away.
没错——教我们正确使用，而不是把它们收走。
Now that's a solution we can both support!
这个方案我们两个都可以支持！
Great. I'll draw up a poster to explain our proposal.
好。我会做一张海报解释我们的建议。
Let's write it up for the class meeting on Friday.
我们把它写下来，星期五班会用。
Even our club activities suffer when everyone stares at screens.
人人只顾看屏幕，连课外活动都受影响。
Perfect — the class meeting will decide, but at least we agree on something.
好——班会会作决定，但至少我们在一件事上达成了共识。
1重点摘要 Summary
先肯定再反对。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
同意。
反对。
部份。
我明白你。
但是。
另一方面。
对。
但。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 同意同意的考点是附上实质内容。方法是在 I agree 或 That's true 之后立即补一个新例子或新论点。以课文为例：You're right, and phones also cause arguments in the playground，同意之余补充操场争执的新证据，讨论得以推进。易错之处是学生只讲 agree 两个字便停下，等待对方接力；小组讨论的计分点是互动与贡献，空泛的同意在评分上等于没有参与，每次同意都须带上新的内容，这是讨论的第一守则。
- 部份部分同意的考点是保留独立判断。方法是用 I partly agree 开场，或以 as long as 附加条件。以课文为例：That sounds fair, as long as the school provides lockers，接受方案同时提出储物柜的前置条件，既合作又有立场。易错之处是学生全盘接受对方方案，显得没有思考；有条件的同意展示权衡能力，是讨论中最受欢迎的表态方式，比单纯支持或反对都更容易取得分数，条件亦为后续讨论提供了台阶。
- 反对反对的考点是礼貌而有力。方法是三段式：先肯定对方 I see your point，再以 but 转折，最后给出自己的理由。以课文为例：I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme，反对的是程度而非人物，对方立场被尊重，讨论不会变成争吵。易错之处是学生开口便是 You are wrong，攻击对方而非观点；礼貌框架令反对更容易被听进去，这是讨论礼仪与说服效果的交汇点，先礼后兵是反对的标准程序。
- 另一方面On the other hand 是引入相反观点的标准句式，考点是双方论据并陈。方法是先概述对方理由，再以句式带出自己的阵营。以课文为例：手机作为学习工具可以即时查询词汇，作为课堂干扰则有打电动与偷拍的实例，两边都有内容可讲。易错之处是学生只讲自己一方，变成各自表述；先承认对方论点再讲己方，讨论才有交锋，评分者也才能看到你听懂了对方，双向论证是互动分的直接来源。
- 谈出共识讨论僵持时的出路是妥协，考点是提出双方各让一步的方案。方法是以 So maybe a compromise 开场，把两边立场拼成折衷方案。以课文为例：phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons，小息可用、上课禁用，双方核心利益各自保住；再以 Now that's a solution we can both support! 确认共识。易错之处是学生把讨论当辩论，务求压倒对方；小组讨论的目标是共识，主动提出折衷方案是最高分的行为，共识才是终点。
- 轮流发言讨论礼仪的考点是轮流发言。方法是让对方讲完才回应，必要时以 That's a fair point 承接再补充。以课文为例，两位同学你来我往却没有一次抢话，每轮回应都紧扣上一轮内容。易错之处是学生急于表现而打断对方，或只顾背诵自己准备的讲稿；小组讨论计的是互动质素而非个人演讲，听懂对方、接住对方，才是互动分的来源，抢话不仅无分，更会被考官记名扣分，等待亦是策略。
- 落实方案共识须要落实为行动，考点是把结论具体化。方法是在讨论尾声分配任务。以课文为例：I'll draw up a poster 以及 write it up for the class meeting on Friday，谁负责海报、谁负责于星期五班会提交建议，分工清楚，讨论显示出实际成果。易错之处是学生得出结论便散场，方案停留在口头；落实安排令整场讨论有始有终，亦是最后一刻展示组织能力的机会，有跟进的讨论在评分表上是一个明显的加分记号。
5例题示范 Example
对话由「完全禁手机」谈到达成共识。拆解它怎样用同意/反对用语由对立走向 compromise，哪些句子最值得借用。
- 第一步：反对先肯定：「I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme」——不否定对方，只反对程度。
- 第二步：支持方用实例推进：同桌整堂打电动、偷拍同学相放上网、体育堂丢了手机。
- 第三步：转捩点是让步句：「So maybe a compromise: phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons」。
- 第四步：有条件同意：「That sounds fair, as long as the school provides lockers」——as long as 加条件，不是盲从。
- 第五步：共识句式：「Now that's a solution we can both support!」——以共同方案收结，还约好星期五班会。
- 答案：这段对话是同意/反对用语的教科书。反对方先肯定后反驳：「I see your point, but a total ban may be too extreme」，不攻击人；支持方堆实例：同桌整堂打电动、偷拍同学放上网、体育堂丢了手机，证明问题真实。转捩是一句 compromise：「phones allowed during breaks, but not during lessons」，双方由立场之争转成方案设计；「as long as the school provides lockers」示范有条件同意。最后「Now that's a solution we can both support」以共识收结，还约好星期五班会提交建议。高分讨论就是这样：礼貌反对、证据支持、让步求成。
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1同意怎样说？
Q2反对点讲？
Q3部分同意？
Q4另一方面？
Q5礼貌？
Q6例子？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 反对三段式：肯定对方（I see your point）+ but + 你的理由。
- 同意都要有内容：That's true / You're right 之后加一个新例子。
- 部分同意用 I partly agree，或者 as long as 加条件。
- 谈不拢就各让一步（compromise）：课室不给、小息可以，双方各让一步。
- 共识句收结：Now that's a solution we can both support——讨论求共识不求赢。