Reports 報告寫作
進階Reports.
- 報告四段式：Introduction（目的+方法）→ Findings → Conclusion → Recommendation
- 客觀被動寫法：A survey was carried out——報告裡面不用 I
- Findings 用百分比：60% tuck shop · 15% home-made · half never eat fruit
文體小知識：Formal structure: introduction, findings, conclusion, recommendation.
§課文原文 Passage
1Report on the Eating Habits of S3 Students. Introduction: This report describes what S3 students in our school usually eat for lunch, and it suggests ways to improve their diets. A survey was carried out last Friday, and 120 students took part as respondents. The class committee also interviewed the tuck shop manager. Students were also asked how often they skip breakfast.
2Findings: Sixty per cent of the respondents buy lunch from the tuck shop at least three times a week. Fish balls, instant noodles and lemon tea are the most popular choices. Only fifteen per cent bring a home-made lunch, usually rice with vegetables. However, half of the students said they never eat fruit on school days, and one in four drinks sweetened drinks every day. Several students explained that they choose fast food because it is cheap and quick.
3Conclusion: Overall, the eating habits of most students are unhealthy, and action should be taken soon. Recommendation: It is recommended that the tuck shop should sell more fruit and salads at a lower price. Cooking demonstrations could also be held each term to teach simple healthy recipes. Finally, the school could display posters that compare the sugar content of popular drinks. With these measures, students' diets could improve within one school year.
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Report on the Eating Habits of S3 Students.
中三學生飲食習慣報告。
Introduction: This report describes what S3 students in our school usually eat for lunch, and it suggests ways to improve their diets.
引言：本報告描述本校中三學生午餐通常吃些什麼，並提出改善飲食的建議。
A survey was carried out last Friday, and 120 students took part as respondents.
上周五進行了一項問卷調查，有一百二十名學生以受訪者身份參與。
The class committee also interviewed the tuck shop manager.
班會亦訪問了小食部經理。
Students were also asked how often they skip breakfast.
學生還被問到多常不吃早餐。
Findings: Sixty per cent of the respondents buy lunch from the tuck shop at least three times a week.
調查結果：六成受訪者每星期至少三次在小食部買午餐。
Fish balls, instant noodles and lemon tea are the most popular choices.
魚蛋、即食麵同檸檬茶是最受歡迎的選擇。
Only fifteen per cent bring a home-made lunch, usually rice with vegetables.
只有一成半人帶自家製午餐，通常是飯配蔬菜。
However, half of the students said they never eat fruit on school days, and one in four drinks sweetened drinks every day.
不過，一半學生說他們在上學日從來不吃水果，而四人之中有一人每日都喝含糖飲品。
Several students explained that they choose fast food because it is cheap and quick.
有幾位學生解釋，他們選快餐是因為又便宜又快捷。
Conclusion: Overall, the eating habits of most students are unhealthy, and action should be taken soon.
結論：整體而言，大部分學生的飲食習慣都不健康，應該盡快採取行動。
Recommendation: It is recommended that the tuck shop should sell more fruit and salads at a lower price.
建議：建議小食部以更低價錢售賣更多水果同沙律。
Cooking demonstrations could also be held each term to teach simple healthy recipes.
每學期亦可以舉辦烹飪示範，教簡單的健康食譜。
Finally, the school could display posters that compare the sugar content of popular drinks.
最後，學校可以張貼海報，比較受歡迎飲品的糖分含量。
With these measures, students' diets could improve within one school year.
有了這些措施，學生的飲食習慣可以在一個學年內改善。
1重點摘要 Summary
Reports.
2生字卡 Vocabulary
報告。
引言。
調查結果。
結論。
建議。
調查。
受訪者。
整體。
3逐步講解 Steps
- Title報告標題格式：Report on [主題]。舉個例：Report on the Eating Habits of S3 Students——一行講完份報告是關於什麼。
- Introduction引言寫目的 + 方法。舉個例：This report describes what S3 students usually eat for lunch… A survey was carried out last Friday, and 120 students took part as respondents——被動句令語氣客觀。
- FindingsFindings 只寫事實數據。舉個例：Sixty per cent buy lunch from the tuck shop at least three times a week；Only fifteen per cent bring a home-made lunch——百分比是報告的語言。
- Conclusion + Recommendation結論跟數據走：Overall, the eating habits of most students are unhealthy. 建議用 should：the tuck shop should sell more fruit and salads at a lower price。
- 客觀寫法報告不用 I think，用第三人稱和被動：A survey was carried out · Students were also asked…——意見只可以在 Recommendation 部分出現。
- 數據搭配數據要有對比先有力：60% 光顧 tuck shop vs 15% 自帶飯盒；half never eat fruit on school days；one in four drinks sweetened drinks every day——對比令問題一目瞭然。
- 建議三式建議可以三種寫法：should（the tuck shop should sell…）· could（Cooking demonstrations could also be held…）· It is recommended that…——課文三種都用齊。
4圖解 Diagrams
5例題示範 Example
任務：根據問卷調查寫一份『S3 學生飲食習慣』報告——Introduction（目的+方法）、Findings（數據）、Conclusion、Recommendation。
- 第一步：Introduction 講 objective 和 method——A survey was carried out last Friday, and 120 students took part as respondents.
- 第二步：Findings 用數據——Sixty per cent buy lunch from the tuck shop at least three times a week.
- 第三步：加對比數據——Only fifteen per cent bring a home-made lunch; half never eat fruit on school days.
- 第四步：Conclusion 基於數據——Overall, the eating habits of most students are unhealthy.
- 第五步：Recommendation 用 should / recommend——The tuck shop should sell more fruit and salads at a lower price.
- 答案：Report on the Eating Habits of S3 Students
Introduction: This report describes what S3 students usually eat for lunch. A survey was carried out last Friday and 120 students took part.
Findings: Sixty per cent buy lunch from the tuck shop at least three times a week; only fifteen per cent bring a home-made lunch. Half of the students never eat fruit on school days, and one in four drinks sweetened drinks every day.
Conclusion: Overall, the eating habits of most students are unhealthy.
Recommendation: The tuck shop should sell more fruit and salads at a lower price, and cooking demonstrations could be held each term.
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
76 題快測 Quick check
Q1Report 四大部份？
Q2Introduction 寫什麼？
Q3Findings 用什麼時態？
Q4報告要用什麼標題？
Q5Recommendations 用什麼語氣？
Q6報告用第一人稱？
8重點回顧 Recap
- 報告四段式：Introduction（目的+方法）→ Findings → Conclusion → Recommendation
- 客觀被動寫法：A survey was carried out——報告裡面不用 I
- Findings 用百分比：60% tuck shop · 15% home-made · half never eat fruit
- 結論跟數據走：unhealthy，行動 should be taken soon
- 建議用 should / recommend：sell more fruit and salads at a lower price