Tenses 时式:现在式与过去式
基础Present simple 讲习惯和事实,past simple 讲已经完成的事——he/she/it 记得加 -s,不规则动词要特别记。
- 时间词判时态:yesterday / last year → past;now / every day → present
- 规则动词过去式加 -ed:want → wanted;clap → clapped(双写尾字母)
- 不规则动词硬记:go → went · teach → taught · swim → swam · eat → ate
文体小知识:Check the time word first.
§课文原文 Passage
1Last year, I was afraid of swimming, so I never went to the pool. When my classmates invited me to the beach, I always said no. My PE teacher, Mr Ng, saw me standing alone and smiled kindly. 'Everyone starts somewhere,' he said, and he taught me every Friday after school. At first, I swallowed a lot of water and my arms hurt badly. I wanted to give up many times, but Mr Ng never let me quit.
2Week by week, my confidence grew. I learned to float first, and then to kick. In March, I swam one width of the pool, and my classmates clapped for me. Now I swim twice a week, and I feel strong and happy in the water. Swimming also helps me sleep well and focus in class. Last month, I even joined the inter-school swimming gala and finished third. My little brother cannot swim yet, so I teach him in the shallow pool every Saturday morning.
3Yesterday he swam five metres by himself, and I clapped loudly, just as my classmates did for me. He grinned and shouted, 'Again! Again!' When I look at the pool now, I do not feel afraid any more. I remember that practice changes everything, and every expert was once a beginner too.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Last year, I was afraid of swimming, so I never went to the pool.
去年我很怕游泳,所以从来都不去泳池。
When my classmates invited me to the beach, I always said no.
同学约我去沙滩的时候,我每次都说不去。
My PE teacher, Mr Ng, saw me standing alone and smiled kindly.
我的体育老师吴Sir见到我一个人站在那里,就友善地笑了一下。
'Everyone starts somewhere,' he said, and he taught me every Friday after school.
他说:「每个人都是由零开始的。」之后他逢星期五放学都教我游泳。
At first, I swallowed a lot of water and my arms hurt badly.
起初我喝了很多水,手臂又痛得不得了。
I wanted to give up many times, but Mr Ng never let me quit.
我很多次想放弃,但吴Sir一直都不让我放弃。
Week by week, my confidence grew.
一个星期又一个星期,我的信心慢慢增加。
I learned to float first, and then to kick.
我先学会漂浮,然后学踢水。
In March, I swam one width of the pool, and my classmates clapped for me.
三月的时候,我游到一个池的阔度,同学们都拍手鼓励我。
Now I swim twice a week, and I feel strong and happy in the water.
现在我每星期游泳两次,在水里面觉得又强壮又开心。
Swimming also helps me sleep well and focus in class.
游泳还帮我睡得好,上课更专心。
Last month, I even joined the inter-school swimming gala and finished third.
上个月我还参加了校际游泳比赛,拿到第三名。
My little brother cannot swim yet, so I teach him in the shallow pool every Saturday morning.
我弟弟还不会游泳,所以我逢星期六早上都会在浅水池教他。
Yesterday he swam five metres by himself, and I clapped loudly, just as my classmates did for me.
昨天他自己游了五米,我大声拍手,就好像当日同学为我拍手一样。
He grinned and shouted, 'Again! Again!'
他咧嘴笑著大叫:「再来!再来!」
When I look at the pool now, I do not feel afraid any more.
现在我望著泳池,已经不再害怕。
I remember that practice changes everything, and every expert was once a beginner too.
我记得练习可以改变一切,而且每个高手都曾经是初学者。
1重点摘要 Summary
Present simple 讲习惯和事实,past simple 讲已经完成的事——he/she/it 记得加 -s,不规则动词要特别记。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
习惯事实。
已发生。
将会发生。
Do, did, will。
加 -ed。
例如 go-went。
Yesterday, now, tomorrow。
Always, usually, often。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 现在式讲恒常事实,he/she/it 后加 -s:Now I swim twice a week. I teach my little brother every Saturday. 举个例子:He swims every Saturday.
- 过去式讲已发生:Last year, I was afraid of swimming, so I never went to the pool. 规则动词加 -ed:want → wanted;clap → clapped(双写尾字母)。
- 未来式will + 原形动词:I will try again next month. 对照课文:Yesterday he swam five metres(past)→ Tomorrow he will swim more(future)。
- 时间词见字知时态:yesterday / last year / in March → past;now / every day / twice a week → present;tomorrow → future。举个例子:Yesterday → swam;now → swim.
- 不规则硬记课文动词:go → went · teach → taught · swim → swam · grow → grew。举个例子:In March, I swam one width of the pool.
- 同段混用课文一段内转时态:Last month, I even joined the inter-school swimming gala(past). Now I feel strong and happy in the water(present)。时间词一转,动词接著转。
- 三态练习课文金句 Practice changes everything. 套用三个时态:Practice changed my swimming. Practice changes everything. Practice will change your results too.
4图解 Diagrams
5例题示范 Example
根据课文:为什么作者写 Last year, I never went to the pool,但又写 Now I swim twice a week?试试解释两句用了边种时式和为什么。
- 第一步:找时间词——last year、yesterday、last month → past simple;now、every Saturday → present simple。
- 第二步:认出不规则过去式——go → went、teach → taught、swim → swam。
- 第三步:认出规则过去式——wanted、learned、clapped(短字双写尾字母再加 -ed)。
- 第四步:讲现在的习惯用 present simple——Now I swim twice a week.
- 第五步:检查第三人称——He swims every Saturday.(he/she/it 加 -s)
- 答案:Last year 带出过去:作者当年惊水,所以用 past simple——never went、Mr Ng taught me、I swam one width。Now 和 every Saturday 带出习惯,所以用 present simple——Now I swim twice a week、I teach him every Saturday morning。规则动词加 -ed(wanted、learned、clapped),不规则动词要硬记:go → went、teach → taught、swim → swam。
6常见错误 Mistakes
75 题快测 Quick check
Q1What tense is "I go"?
Q2What tense is "I went"?
Q3What does "yesterday" signal?
Q4What does "tomorrow" signal?
Q5Is "go-went" regular?
8重点回顾 Recap
- 时间词判时态:yesterday / last year → past;now / every day → present
- 规则动词过去式加 -ed:want → wanted;clap → clapped(双写尾字母)
- 不规则动词硬记:go → went · teach → taught · swim → swam · eat → ate
- he / she / it 后面现在式动词加 -s:He swims every Saturday.
- 课文主旨:Practice changes everything——作者由惊水学到参加 inter-school swimming gala