Adjectives and Adverbs 形容词与副词
进阶形容词形容名词，副词形容动作；比较用 -er/-est 或者 more/most，记住 good → better → best。
- 形容词形容名词（a big dog）；副词形容动作（ran quickly，多数 -ly 收尾）
- 两样比较：-er / more + than——Jason runs faster than me.
- 三样以上：the -est / the most——the most exciting day
文体小知识：Describe things, then describe actions.
§课文原文 Passage
1Sports Day was the most exciting day of the school year. The sky was clear and the wind was cool that morning. Our classmates arrived early with banners, water bottles and cheering sticks. I walked nervously to the starting line of the 100-metre race, and my heart beat faster than ever. My classmate Jason runs faster than me, so I did not expect to win. We wished each other good luck politely.
2When the gun fired, I ran as quickly as I could. The track felt hot under my feet, and the crowd shouted our names loudly. Jason was ahead of me, but he suddenly slipped and fell badly on the track. Without thinking, I stopped, helped him up, and we crossed the line together slowly. The other runners had already finished, but everyone stood up and clapped for us.
3The teacher praised us warmly because true friends are more important than prizes. Our principal gave Jason and me a special award for sportsmanship. Jason's knee was sore, but he smiled and said, 'Next year, I will beat you fairly!' We all laughed, and that evening I wrote the story in my diary with a happy heart. Sports Day taught me that winning is not everything, and how we run the race matters much more.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Sports Day was the most exciting day of the school year.
运动会是整个学年最刺激的一日。
The sky was clear and the wind was cool that morning.
那天早上天朗气清，凉风阵阵。
Our classmates arrived early with banners, water bottles and cheering sticks.
同学们很早就到齐，带著横额、水樽同打气棒。
I walked nervously to the starting line of the 100-metre race, and my heart beat faster than ever.
我紧张地走去一百米赛跑的起跑线，心跳得前所未有地快。
My classmate Jason runs faster than me, so I did not expect to win.
我同学 Jason 跑得比我快，所以我没有想过会赢。
We wished each other good luck politely.
我们很有礼貌地互相祝好运。
When the gun fired, I ran as quickly as I could.
枪声一响，我就拼尽全力地跑。
The track felt hot under my feet, and the crowd shouted our names loudly.
跑道热得发烫，人群大声喊我们的名字。
Jason was ahead of me, but he suddenly slipped and fell badly on the track.
Jason 本来领先我，但他突然滑倒，重重地跌在跑道上。
Without thinking, I stopped, helped him up, and we crossed the line together slowly.
我没有想这么多就停下来扶起他，然后我们一起慢慢走过终点线。
The other runners had already finished, but everyone stood up and clapped for us.
其他选手虽然已经跑完，但全场都站起来为我们拍手。
The teacher praised us warmly because true friends are more important than prizes.
老师很热情地赞我们，因为真正的朋友比奖品更重要。
Our principal gave Jason and me a special award for sportsmanship.
校长还颁了一个体育精神奖给我们两个。
Jason's knee was sore, but he smiled and said, 'Next year, I will beat you fairly!'
Jason 的膝盖很痛，但他笑著说：「明年我要堂堂正正赢你！」
We all laughed, and that evening I wrote the story in my diary with a happy heart.
大家都笑了，那晚我开开心心地将这件事写在日记里。
Sports Day taught me that winning is not everything, and how we run the race matters much more.
运动会教会我，赢不是一切，怎样跑那场比赛才更加重要。
1重点摘要 Summary
形容词形容名词，副词形容动作；比较用 -er/-est 或者 more/most，记住 good → better → best。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
形容名词。
形容动词。
Bigger, faster。
Biggest, fastest。
Quick-quickly。
Good-better-best。
改变意思。
Big, fast。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 形容词形容名词，放在名词前或 be 动词后：a 100-metre race；The sky was clear. 举个例子：Sports Day was the most exciting day.位置口诀：短形容词贴住名词（a clear sky），长形容词放 be 后（The sky was clear）——一句一句套。
- 副词形容动作，多数 -ly 收尾：I walked nervously 到起跑线；the crowd shouted our names loudly；The teacher praised us warmly.very / quite 只修形容词和副词：very fast ✔；修不到动词——不可以讲 very run，要讲 very quickly。
- 比较级两样比较用 -er / more + than：my heart beat faster than ever；Jason runs faster than me；true friends are more important than prizes.
- 最高级三样以上用 the -est / the most：the most exciting day of the school year.——最高级前面一定有 the.两音节以上用 most：the most careful student；单音节直接 -est：the fastest runner——先数音节。
- as…as同级比较：I ran as quickly as I could.——中间用原级，不加 -er.原级比较仲有 so / such：She ran so quickly that no one caught her——so 后面接副词原级。
- 不规则good → better → best · bad → worse → worst。课文：Next year, I will beat you fairly（fair 变副词 fairly）。further / farther 有分工：farther 讲实际距离、further 讲程度——For further information 是固定写法。
- 检查贴士be 动词后用形容词：I am very happy（不是 happily）；动作动词后用副词：She sings beautifully.读稿检查法：圈起所有 be 动词，后面选形容词；圈起动作动词，后面选副词——两分钟捉晒错处。
4图解 Diagrams
5例题示范 Example
根据 Sports Day 课文填空：Jason runs ___ (fast) than me, but I stopped ___ (quick) to help him. True friends are ___ (important) than prizes.
- 第一步：两样比较，短形容词加 -er + than——Jason runs faster than me.
- 第二步：修饰动作（怎样停）用副词——stopped quickly（quick + ly）。
- 第三步：长形容词比较用 more + than——more important than prizes.
- 第四步：三样以上先出最高级——the most exciting day of the year.
- 第五步：不规则变化背熟——good → better → best、badly → worse。
- 答案：答案：faster than（短字加 -er）、stopped quickly（修饰动作用副词）、more important than（长字用 more）。课文金句：True friends are more important than prizes——真朋友比奖项更重要。还有最高级例子：Sports Day was the most exciting day of the school year. 不规则变化 good → better → best 一定要背熟。
6常见错误 Mistakes
75 题快测 Quick check
Q1Which is adjective?
Q2Which is adverb?
Q3Comparative of big?
Q4Superlative of good?
Q5Adverb of quick?
8重点回顾 Recap
- 形容词形容名词（a big dog）；副词形容动作（ran quickly，多数 -ly 收尾）
- 两样比较：-er / more + than——Jason runs faster than me.
- 三样以上：the -est / the most——the most exciting day
- 不规则：good → better → best · bad → worse → worst
- 课文金句：True friends are more important than prizes——运动精神 sportsmanship 比赢更重要