Food & Health 食物与健康
基础均衡饮食 + 运动 = 健康。
- 均衡饮食：a balanced diet = vegetables + fruit + fish + rice。
- 少吃：junk food、sugary drinks。
- 建议句式：You should... / You should not...
文体小知识：Healthy eating habits.
§课文原文 Passage
1Last month, I was ill and had to stay in bed for three days. I felt weak, and even climbing the stairs made me tired. The doctor told me to eat a balanced diet and do more exercise. He also said I should sleep before ten o'clock every night. I promised him I would change my habits.
2Now I eat more vegetables and fruit every day. They give me vitamins that keep my body healthy. I also eat eggs, fish and milk for protein, which makes my muscles strong. I used to love fried chicken and soft drinks, but now I eat them only once a week. Mum says I am becoming a smart eater.
3Every morning, I exercise for thirty minutes in the park with Dad. We jog, stretch and sometimes play badminton. My mother says healthy food is like fuel for our body, and junk food is like bad petrol. Now I seldom get sick, and I have more energy at school. I can even concentrate better in class. A healthy body helps us study better, and I want to keep this good habit forever.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Last month, I was ill and had to stay in bed for three days.
上个月我病了，要在床上睡足三日。
I felt weak, and even climbing the stairs made me tired.
我全身没有力，连爬楼梯都觉得累。
The doctor told me to eat a balanced diet and do more exercise.
医生叫我饮食要均衡，还要多做运动。
He also said I should sleep before ten o'clock every night.
他还说我每晚要十点前睡觉。
I promised him I would change my habits.
我答应他会改掉坏习惯。
Now I eat more vegetables and fruit every day.
现在我每天都吃更多蔬菜同生果。
They give me vitamins that keep my body healthy.
它们提供维他命，令我身体健康。
I also eat eggs, fish and milk for protein, which makes my muscles strong.
我还会吃鸡蛋、鱼同奶来吸收蛋白质，令肌肉强壮。
I used to love fried chicken and soft drinks, but now I eat them only once a week.
我以前很喜欢炸鸡同汽水，但现在一个星期只吃一次。
Mum says I am becoming a smart eater.
妈咪说我越来越懂得吃东西。
Every morning, I exercise for thirty minutes in the park with Dad.
每天早上我都会同爸爸在公园做三十分钟运动。
We jog, stretch and sometimes play badminton.
我们会跑步、拉筋，有时打羽毛球。
My mother says healthy food is like fuel for our body, and junk food is like bad petrol.
妈咪说健康食物就好像身体的燃料，垃圾食物就好像坏汽油。
Now I seldom get sick, and I have more energy at school.
现在我很少生病，上学都精力充沛。
I can even concentrate better in class.
上课还可以更加专心。
A healthy body helps us study better, and I want to keep this good habit forever.
健康的身体帮助我们更好地学习，我想永远保持这个好习惯。
1重点摘要 Summary
均衡饮食 + 运动 = 健康。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
蔬菜
生果
蛋白质
维他命
均衡饮食
运动
强壮
生病
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 食物类别食物可分为 vegetable（蔬菜）、fruit（水果）、protein（蛋白质）与 grains（谷物）等类别。例句：I eat vegetables every day. 易错位：vegetable 通常用复数 vegetables；说多种水果时，fruit 也可写成 fruits。
- 营养营养词语有 vitamin（维生素）、fibre（纤维）、calcium（钙质）、protein（蛋白质）。例句：Milk gives us calcium. 提示：说某食物提供营养，可用 give us 加营养名词；主词是单数食物时动词要加 s，例如 gives。
- 习惯健康习惯用语有 balanced diet（均衡饮食）、exercise（运动）、enough sleep（充足睡眠）。例句：A balanced diet keeps us healthy. 提示：diet 指日常饮食；keep us healthy 是 keep 加受词再加形容词的句式。
- 身体描述身体状况可用 strong（强壮）、ill（生病）、healthy（健康）、weak（虚弱）。例句：Exercise makes me strong. 提示：make 加受词再加形容词，表示使某人变得怎样；ill 多用在动词之后，例如 fall ill。
- 病后康复建议转述医生的嘱咐，用 told me to 加动词原形。例句：The doctor told me to eat a balanced diet. 易错位：to 之后必须用原形，不可加 -ing；原句 You should eat... 转述时就说 told me to eat...。
- 应该做 vs 不应该给建议用 should，否定式是 should not（缩写 shouldn't）。例句：You should drink more water. 提示：should 后面用动词原形；too many 修饰可数名词，too much 修饰不可数名词。
5例题示范 Example
问题：医生嘱咐病人注意饮食，怎样转述医生的指示，并补充自己应该做与不应该做的事？
- 第一步：先交代背景 — Last month, I was ill and stayed in bed for three days. 用过去式说出何时生病，让听者明白情境。
- 第二步：转述医生的嘱咐 — The doctor told me to eat a balanced diet. told me to 加原形是转述建议的固定句式。
- 第三步：说自己应该做的事 — I should eat more vegetables and fruit. should 加原形，语气自然又有礼。
- 第四步：说不应该做的事 — I should not drink too many sugary drinks. should not 后面仍用原形，too many 修饰可数名词。
- 第五步：补充运动建议作结 — I should exercise for an hour every day. 加上时间长度，建议更具体可信。
- 答案：示范答案：Last month I was ill. The doctor told me to eat a balanced diet and do more exercise. Now I eat more vegetables and fruit, and I do not drink sugary drinks. I exercise every day, so I feel strong again. 转述、建议与改变三部分齐全，结尾用 feel strong 呼应开头的 ill。
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1蔬菜英文？
Q2均衡饮食？
Q3蛋白质？
Q4维他命？
Q5强壮？
Q6运动？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 均衡饮食：a balanced diet = vegetables + fruit + fish + rice。
- 少吃：junk food、sugary drinks。
- 建议句式：You should... / You should not...
- 转述：The doctor told me to eat more vegetables.
- 健康 = 饮食 + 运动：exercise every day。