Family & Friends 家庭与朋友
基础家人、亲戚、朋友词汇。
- 三代同堂词汇：grandparents、parents、siblings。
- 亲戚：cousin = uncle / aunt 的子女。
- 描写朋友：外貌（tall）→ 性格（kind, funny）→ 一起做什么。
文体小知识：People around you.
§课文原文 Passage
1My grandparents live with us, and they take care of the whole family. Grandma cooks dinner every day, and her soup smells wonderful when I come home from school. Grandpa tells us funny stories about his childhood, and we laugh until our stomachs hurt. They are slow but patient, and I love listening to them.
2My cousin Katy is my best friend, and we share everything, even our secrets. We video-call each other on Sundays and talk about school, music and dreams. When I have problems, my parents always support me and give me good advice. They say I can tell them anything, and they will always listen.
3Good friends should trust each other and never tell lies. Our neighbour Mr Wong is very friendly, and he often gives us fruit from his garden. He says neighbours should help one another. Last month, I was ill, and my family cared for me day and night. I felt better quickly because love is the best medicine. I am lucky to have such warm people around me. I hope I can bring them happiness too.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
My grandparents live with us, and they take care of the whole family.
我爷爷奶奶同我们一起住，照顾全家。
Grandma cooks dinner every day, and her soup smells wonderful when I come home from school.
奶奶每天煮晚饭，我放学回到家，满屋都是美味的汤香。
Grandpa tells us funny stories about his childhood, and we laugh until our stomachs hurt.
爷爷会讲他小时候的搞笑故事，我们笑到肚痛。
They are slow but patient, and I love listening to them.
他们走路慢，但很有耐性，我最喜欢听他们说话。
My cousin Katy is my best friend, and we share everything, even our secrets.
我表妹 Katy 是我最好的朋友，我们什么都一起分享，连秘密都是。
We video-call each other on Sundays and talk about school, music and dreams.
我们每个星期日都会视像通话，谈学校、音乐同梦想。
When I have problems, my parents always support me and give me good advice.
我有烦恼的时候，爸爸妈妈总会支持我，给我好的建议。
They say I can tell them anything, and they will always listen.
他们说我什么都可以告诉他们，他们一定会听。
Good friends should trust each other and never tell lies.
好朋友应该互相信任，永远不说谎。
Our neighbour Mr Wong is very friendly, and he often gives us fruit from his garden.
我们的邻居黄生很友善，常常送我们他花园种的生果。
He says neighbours should help one another.
他说邻居之间应该互相帮助。
Last month, I was ill, and my family cared for me day and night.
上个月我病了，家人日日夜夜照顾我。
I felt better quickly because love is the best medicine.
因为爱就是最好的药，我很快就康复了。
I am lucky to have such warm people around me.
我很幸运，身边有这么多温暖的人。
I hope I can bring them happiness too.
我希望自己都可以带给他们快乐。
1重点摘要 Summary
家人、亲戚、朋友词汇。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
祖父母
堂/表兄弟姊妹
邻居
友善
分享
支持
信任
关心
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 家人家人英文词有 grandparents（祖父母）、parents（父母）、siblings（兄弟姊妹）。例句：My grandparents live with us. 提示：grandparents 统称祖父母与外祖父母；sibling 是一人，多位时要用复数 siblings。
- 亲戚亲戚称谓有 cousin（表兄弟姊妹）、uncle（叔伯）、aunt（姑姨）、nephew（侄儿）。例句：My cousin lives in Toronto. 易错位：cousin 不分男女长幼，堂表亲戚一律可用；uncle 与 aunt 泛指父母的兄弟姊妹。
- 朋友态度形容好友可用 friendly（友善）、kind（善良）、helpful（乐于助人）。例句：My best friend is kind and honest. 提示：描述性格用 be 动词加形容词；trust someone with something 表示对朋友充分信任。
- 支持家人与朋友互相 support（支持）与 care（关心）。例句：My family always supports me. 易错位：主词是第三人称单数时 support 要加 s；care 常与 for 连用，care for someone 表示照顾或关心对方。
- 祖父母同住描述祖父母同住的生活，用现在式说出经常做的事。例句：My grandparents live with us. Grandma cooks dinner every day. 贴士：第三人称单数记得加 s，例如 cooks、tells。
- 朋友互动句式描述与朋友一起做的事，动词用现在式并可加频率词。例句：We study together after school. I can trust him with my secrets. 贴士：together 放在句尾强调一起；can 后面用动词原形。
5例题示范 Example
问题：怎样介绍家人和最好的朋友？要包括家中同住的人、各人的特点、朋友的性格以及友谊的意义。
- 第一步：先说家中有谁同住 — My grandparents live with us, and they take care of the whole family. 用 and 把两项资料连成一句，开场已交代家庭结构。
- 第二步：每人说一个特点 — Grandma cooks wonderful soup. Grandpa tells funny stories. 一人一句，特点鲜明，避免长篇大论。
- 第三步：介绍最好的朋友 — My best friend is Mary. best friend 表示最要好的朋友，比单说 friend 感情更深。
- 第四步：说朋友的性格与一起做的事 — She is kind and helpful. We study together after school. 性格加活动，人物立刻立体起来。
- 第五步：点出友谊的意义作结 — We share everything, and we never let each other down. never let each other down 表示不会辜负对方，是收结的好句。
- 答案：示范答案：My grandparents live with us and take care of the whole family. Grandma cooks wonderful soup and Grandpa tells funny stories. My best friend is Mary. She is kind and helpful, and we study together after school. We share everything — that is why we are best friends. 先说家人后说朋友，层次分明，介绍便完整。
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1祖父母英文？
Q2表兄弟姊妹？
Q3邻居？
Q4分享？
Q5信任？
Q6友善？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 三代同堂词汇：grandparents、parents、siblings。
- 亲戚：cousin = uncle / aunt 的子女。
- 描写朋友：外貌（tall）→ 性格（kind, funny）→ 一起做什么。
- 友谊动词：share、trust、support、care。
- 礼貌讲法：Mary and I（不是 I and Mary）。