Present Simple 现在简单式
基础he/she/it 加 s。
- 习惯和事实用一般现在式。
- he / she / it 动词加 s：gets、goes、watches、has。
- 否定：don't / doesn't + 原形。
文体小知识：Habits and facts.
§课文原文 Passage
1My grandfather is seventy years old, but he is very healthy because of his good habits. He always gets up at six o'clock every day. He never uses an alarm clock because his body knows the time. Then he usually does tai chi in the park for an hour. He says the morning air is the best medicine.
2After breakfast, he often walks to the market and buys fresh vegetables. He knows every shopkeeper there by name. He sometimes drinks tea with his old friends in the afternoon, and they talk about everything under the sun. Grandpa never eats junk food and never goes to bed late. He also reads newspapers to keep his mind active.
3Words like 'always' and 'never' tell us how often we do things, so we call them adverbs of frequency. They usually go before the main verb, as in 'He often walks to the market.' Grandpa says, 'A good habit is your best friend.' I want to be like him when I am old. So now I make my bed every day and drink water instead of soft drinks. Good habits start small.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
My grandfather is seventy years old, but he is very healthy because of his good habits.
我爷爷七十岁，但因为有好习惯，身体很健康。
He always gets up at six o'clock every day.
他每天都六点起床。
He never uses an alarm clock because his body knows the time.
他从来不用闹钟，因为他身体自己知道时间。
Then he usually does tai chi in the park for an hour.
接著他通常会在公园打一小时太极。
He says the morning air is the best medicine.
他说早晨的空气就是最好的药。
After breakfast, he often walks to the market and buys fresh vegetables.
吃完早餐，他常常步行去街市买新鲜蔬菜。
He knows every shopkeeper there by name.
街市每个档主的名字他都叫得出。
He sometimes drinks tea with his old friends in the afternoon, and they talk about everything under the sun.
有时下午他会同老朋友喝茶，什么都聊一聊。
Grandpa never eats junk food and never goes to bed late.
爷爷从来不吃垃圾食物，晚上又不会很晚才睡。
He also reads newspapers to keep his mind active.
他还会看报纸，令自己头脑保持活跃。
Words like 'always' and 'never' tell us how often we do things, so we call them adverbs of frequency.
像 'always' 同 'never' 这些词，告诉我们事情发生的频率，所以叫做频率副词。
They usually go before the main verb, as in 'He often walks to the market.'
它们通常放在动词前面，例如 'He often walks to the market.'。
Grandpa says, 'A good habit is your best friend.'
爷爷说：'A good habit is your best friend.'（好习惯就是你最好的朋友。）
I want to be like him when I am old.
我年老时也想成为他那样的人。
So now I make my bed every day and drink water instead of soft drinks.
所以我现在每天都整理床铺，还用清水代替汽水。
Good habits start small.
好习惯从小处开始。
1重点摘要 Summary
he/she/it 加 s。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
习惯。
频率。
总是。
通常。
经常。
有时。
从不。
每日。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 结构现在简单式的结构是主词加动词原形，主词是 he、she 或 it 时，动词要加 s 或 es。例句：I play football. He plays football. 提示：第三人称单数加 s 是这个时式的核心规则，写句前先看清主词。
- 用法现在简单式用于习惯、事实与时间表。例句：The sun rises in the east. The train leaves at seven. 提示：只要是经常发生的动作或永恒不变的事实，都用这个时式，不要误用进行式。
- 频率副词常用频率副词有 always、usually、often、sometimes、never，程度由最高到最低。例句：She usually walks to school. 提示：频率副词与现在简单式最配，写作时选一个贴切的词即可，不必几个一起堆砌。
- 时间词常见时间词有 every day、on Mondays、in the morning、at weekends。例句：I go to the library on Saturdays. 提示：every 后用单数名词，如 every day；on 加星期，at 加周末与时刻，介词搭配要记牢。
- 否定式否定式用 do not（don't）或 does not（doesn't）加动词原形。例句：I do not like coffee. He does not like coffee. 易错位：用了 does not 之后，动词要还原成原形，不可说 doesn't likes，这是最常见的错误。
- 频率副词位置频率副词放在主要动词之前、be 动词之后。例句：He always gets up at six. He is always happy. 提示：记住动词之前、be 之后这个位置规则，位置错了句子听起来会很不自然。
4图解 Diagrams
5例题示范 Example
问题：怎样用一般现在式描述爷爷的健康习惯？要用频率词、第三人称单数以及否定式把习惯说完整。
- 第一步：习惯用现在式，第三人称加 s — He always gets up at six o'clock. 主词是 he，所以 get 要写成 gets。
- 第二步：加入频率词强调从不 — He never uses an alarm clock. never 语气强，放在动词 uses 之前。
- 第三步：留意加 s 或 es 的拼写 — go 变 goes，watch 变 watches，have 变 has。以 s、ch、sh 结尾的动词加 es。
- 第四步：用 because of 说出原因 — He is healthy because of his good habits. because of 之后加名词，because 之后加完整句子。
- 第五步：以否定式说出坏习惯 — He does not eat junk food. does not 之后用原形 eat，不可说 does not eats。
- 答案：示范答案：My grandfather always gets up at six o'clock. He never uses an alarm clock, and he does not eat junk food. He is very healthy because of his good habits. 全段动词都按第三人称单数变形，频率词与否定式配合，习惯描述便十分完整。
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1现在简单式用途？
Q2he/she/it 后动词？
Q3否定句用什么？
Q4「She ___ (go) to school」？
Q5频率副词位置？
Q6「I ___ (not like) fish」？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 习惯和事实用一般现在式。
- he / she / it 动词加 s：gets、goes、watches、has。
- 否定：don't / doesn't + 原形。
- 提问：Do you...? / Does he...?
- 频率词：always > usually > often > sometimes > never，放动词前。