Comparatives and Superlatives 比較級與最高級
基礎比較級最高級。
- 短形容詞:-er than 比較 · the -est 最高——taller、the tallest
- 長形容詞:more…than · the most…——more comfortable、the most popular
- 不規則:good → better → best · bad → worse → worst
文體小知識:-er/more to compare, the -est for the top.
§課文原文 Passage
1My three cousins, Tim, Kay and Leo, visited us last weekend, and our flat suddenly felt crowded. Tim is the oldest, and he is also the tallest boy in his class. Kay is funnier than both of her brothers, and she told us jokes all evening. Leo is younger than me, but he plays chess much better than I do. We compared the MTR with the bus, and Leo said the train is more comfortable than the bus.
2Tim said the bus is cheaper, so we took the bus to the museum on Sunday. At the museum, the dinosaur hall was the most popular corner, and we waited half an hour to enter. It was the busiest place I have ever seen. Kay said the dinosaurs were the most amazing models she had ever touched. Leo thought the space section was more interesting than the dinosaurs, but Kay disagreed. In the end, we spent the longest time in the gift shop.
3English adjectives have three forms: the comparative, the superlative and the base form. Short adjectives take -er than and the -est, like taller and the tallest. Long adjectives use more and most, like more beautiful and the most beautiful. Irregular adjectives change completely: good becomes better and best, and bad becomes worse and worst. My cousins say that visiting us is the best part of their year.
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
My three cousins, Tim, Kay and Leo, visited us last weekend, and our flat suddenly felt crowded.
我的三個表兄弟姊妹添、琪琪和里奧上週末來探我們,我們家突然變得很擠。
Tim is the oldest, and he is also the tallest boy in his class.
添年紀最大,他也是班上最高的男生。
Kay is funnier than both of her brothers, and she told us jokes all evening.
琪琪比兩個兄弟更風趣,整晚都在說笑話。
Leo is younger than me, but he plays chess much better than I do.
里奧比我小,但他下棋比我好得多。
We compared the MTR with the bus, and Leo said the train is more comfortable than the bus.
我們比較港鐵和巴士,里奧說列車比巴士舒適。
Tim said the bus is cheaper, so we took the bus to the museum on Sunday.
添說巴士較便宜,所以我們星期日乘巴士去博物館。
At the museum, the dinosaur hall was the most popular corner, and we waited half an hour to enter.
在博物館,恐龍廳是最受歡迎的角落,我們排了半小時才進去。
It was the busiest place I have ever seen.
那是我見過最熱鬧的地方。
Kay said the dinosaurs were the most amazing models she had ever touched.
琪琪說那些恐龍是她摸過最驚人的模型。
Leo thought the space section was more interesting than the dinosaurs, but Kay disagreed.
里奧覺得太空展區比恐龍更有趣,但琪琪不同意。
In the end, we spent the longest time in the gift shop.
最後,我們在禮品店待得最久。
English adjectives have three forms: the comparative, the superlative and the base form.
英文形容詞有三種形式:比較級、最高級和原級。
Short adjectives take -er than and the -est, like taller and the tallest.
短形容詞加 -er than 和 the -est,例如 taller 和 the tallest。
Long adjectives use more and most, like more beautiful and the most beautiful.
長形容詞用 more 和 most,例如 more beautiful 和 the most beautiful。
Irregular adjectives change completely: good becomes better and best, and bad becomes worse and worst.
不規則形容詞完全變化:good 變成 better 和 best,bad 變成 worse 和 worst。
My cousins say that visiting us is the best part of their year.
我的表兄弟姊妹說,探我們是他們一年中最美好的部分。
1重點摘要 Summary
比較級最高級。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
Bigger, faster。
Biggest, fastest。
Taller than。
The tallest。
More beautiful。
Most beautiful。
Good-better-best。
Compare word。
3逐步講解 Steps
- Short一至兩個音節:-er / the -est:Tim is the tallest boy in his class. Leo is younger than me.短字變化有規則:big→bigger(雙寫)· busy→busier(y 變 i)· tall→taller 直接加——三條規則一齊記,見字對號入座。
- Long三個音節以上:more / the most:the train is more comfortable than the bus · the dinosaur hall was the most popular corner.
- Irregulargood → better → best · bad → worse → worst——課文:visiting us is the best part of their year.
- 比較句有 than比較級句子一定有 than:Kay is funnier than both of her brothers. He plays chess much better than I do.than 後面對稱:than me 口語 ✔、than I do 書面穩陣——考試作文用 than I do 最安全,全篇統一不會被扣。
- 最高級有 the最高級前面一定 the:the busiest place I have ever seen · we spent the longest time in the gift shop.
- 完成式配搭最高級 + 完成式是考試常客:It was the busiest place I have ever seen. The dinosaurs were the most amazing models she had ever touched.
- 課文實戰一段看完三種:the oldest(-est)· more comfortable(長字)· the most popular(長字)——Tim、Kay、Leo 那段。
- 長短判斷beautiful 長 → more beautiful;busy 短 → busier(y 變 i)。判斷法:音節多就 more,音節少就 -er。y 結尾短字最易錯:happy→happier→the happiest——y 變 i 再加 -er/-est,默寫常考,錯一個字母都扣分。
5例題示範 Example
根據課文,用比較級和最高級寫五句:比較三個表兄弟姊妹,再講博物館裡面的『之最』。
- 第一步:短形容詞 -er / the -est——Tim is the oldest and the tallest boy in his class.
- 第二步:長形容詞 more / the most——Leo said the train is more comfortable than the bus.
- 第三步:不規則變化——Leo plays chess better than I do.(good → better)
- 第四步:最高級講『之最』——The dinosaur hall was the most popular corner.
- 第五步:檢查——比較一定有 than;最高級前面一定有 the
- 答案:My three cousins are all different. Tim is the oldest and the tallest boy in his class. Kay is funnier than both of her brothers, and she told us jokes all evening. Leo is younger than me, but he plays chess much better than I do. At the museum, the dinosaur hall was the most popular corner, and it was the busiest place I have ever seen. In the end, we spent the longest time in the gift shop — the best part of the day for me!
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
75 題快測 Quick check
Q1What is comparative?
Q2What is superlative?
Q3How to form short adjective?
Q4How to form long adjective?
Q5What is irregular?
8重點回顧 Recap
- 短形容詞:-er than 比較 · the -est 最高——taller、the tallest
- 長形容詞:more…than · the most…——more comfortable、the most popular
- 不規則:good → better → best · bad → worse → worst
- 比較句一定有 than;最高級前面一定有 the
- 課文例子:the busiest place I have ever seen(最高級 + 現在完成式)