Comparatives and Superlatives 比较级与最高级
基础比较级最高级。
- 短形容词:-er than 比较 · the -est 最高——taller、the tallest
- 长形容词:more…than · the most…——more comfortable、the most popular
- 不规则:good → better → best · bad → worse → worst
文体小知识:-er/more to compare, the -est for the top.
§课文原文 Passage
1My three cousins, Tim, Kay and Leo, visited us last weekend, and our flat suddenly felt crowded. Tim is the oldest, and he is also the tallest boy in his class. Kay is funnier than both of her brothers, and she told us jokes all evening. Leo is younger than me, but he plays chess much better than I do. We compared the MTR with the bus, and Leo said the train is more comfortable than the bus.
2Tim said the bus is cheaper, so we took the bus to the museum on Sunday. At the museum, the dinosaur hall was the most popular corner, and we waited half an hour to enter. It was the busiest place I have ever seen. Kay said the dinosaurs were the most amazing models she had ever touched. Leo thought the space section was more interesting than the dinosaurs, but Kay disagreed. In the end, we spent the longest time in the gift shop.
3English adjectives have three forms: the comparative, the superlative and the base form. Short adjectives take -er than and the -est, like taller and the tallest. Long adjectives use more and most, like more beautiful and the most beautiful. Irregular adjectives change completely: good becomes better and best, and bad becomes worse and worst. My cousins say that visiting us is the best part of their year.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
My three cousins, Tim, Kay and Leo, visited us last weekend, and our flat suddenly felt crowded.
我的三个表兄弟姊妹添、琪琪和里奥上周末来探我们,我们家突然变得很挤。
Tim is the oldest, and he is also the tallest boy in his class.
添年纪最大,他也是班上最高的男生。
Kay is funnier than both of her brothers, and she told us jokes all evening.
琪琪比两个兄弟更风趣,整晚都在说笑话。
Leo is younger than me, but he plays chess much better than I do.
里奥比我小,但他下棋比我好得多。
We compared the MTR with the bus, and Leo said the train is more comfortable than the bus.
我们比较港铁和巴士,里奥说列车比巴士舒适。
Tim said the bus is cheaper, so we took the bus to the museum on Sunday.
添说巴士较便宜,所以我们星期日乘巴士去博物馆。
At the museum, the dinosaur hall was the most popular corner, and we waited half an hour to enter.
在博物馆,恐龙厅是最受欢迎的角落,我们排了半小时才进去。
It was the busiest place I have ever seen.
那是我见过最热闹的地方。
Kay said the dinosaurs were the most amazing models she had ever touched.
琪琪说那些恐龙是她摸过最惊人的模型。
Leo thought the space section was more interesting than the dinosaurs, but Kay disagreed.
里奥觉得太空展区比恐龙更有趣,但琪琪不同意。
In the end, we spent the longest time in the gift shop.
最后,我们在礼品店待得最久。
English adjectives have three forms: the comparative, the superlative and the base form.
英文形容词有三种形式:比较级、最高级和原级。
Short adjectives take -er than and the -est, like taller and the tallest.
短形容词加 -er than 和 the -est,例如 taller 和 the tallest。
Long adjectives use more and most, like more beautiful and the most beautiful.
长形容词用 more 和 most,例如 more beautiful 和 the most beautiful。
Irregular adjectives change completely: good becomes better and best, and bad becomes worse and worst.
不规则形容词完全变化:good 变成 better 和 best,bad 变成 worse 和 worst。
My cousins say that visiting us is the best part of their year.
我的表兄弟姊妹说,探我们是他们一年中最美好的部分。
1重点摘要 Summary
比较级最高级。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
Bigger, faster。
Biggest, fastest。
Taller than。
The tallest。
More beautiful。
Most beautiful。
Good-better-best。
Compare word。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- Short一至两个音节:-er / the -est:Tim is the tallest boy in his class. Leo is younger than me.短字变化有规则:big→bigger(双写)· busy→busier(y 变 i)· tall→taller 直接加——三条规则一齐记,见字对号入座。
- Long三个音节以上:more / the most:the train is more comfortable than the bus · the dinosaur hall was the most popular corner.
- Irregulargood → better → best · bad → worse → worst——课文:visiting us is the best part of their year.
- 比较句有 than比较级句子一定有 than:Kay is funnier than both of her brothers. He plays chess much better than I do.than 后面对称:than me 口语 ✔、than I do 书面稳阵——考试作文用 than I do 最安全,全篇统一不会被扣。
- 最高级有 the最高级前面一定 the:the busiest place I have ever seen · we spent the longest time in the gift shop.
- 完成式配搭最高级 + 完成式是考试常客:It was the busiest place I have ever seen. The dinosaurs were the most amazing models she had ever touched.
- 课文实战一段看完三种:the oldest(-est)· more comfortable(长字)· the most popular(长字)——Tim、Kay、Leo 那段。
- 长短判断beautiful 长 → more beautiful;busy 短 → busier(y 变 i)。判断法:音节多就 more,音节少就 -er。y 结尾短字最易错:happy→happier→the happiest——y 变 i 再加 -er/-est,默写常考,错一个字母都扣分。
5例题示范 Example
根据课文,用比较级和最高级写五句:比较三个表兄弟姊妹,再讲博物馆里面的『之最』。
- 第一步:短形容词 -er / the -est——Tim is the oldest and the tallest boy in his class.
- 第二步:长形容词 more / the most——Leo said the train is more comfortable than the bus.
- 第三步:不规则变化——Leo plays chess better than I do.(good → better)
- 第四步:最高级讲『之最』——The dinosaur hall was the most popular corner.
- 第五步:检查——比较一定有 than;最高级前面一定有 the
- 答案:My three cousins are all different. Tim is the oldest and the tallest boy in his class. Kay is funnier than both of her brothers, and she told us jokes all evening. Leo is younger than me, but he plays chess much better than I do. At the museum, the dinosaur hall was the most popular corner, and it was the busiest place I have ever seen. In the end, we spent the longest time in the gift shop — the best part of the day for me!
6常见错误 Mistakes
75 题快测 Quick check
Q1What is comparative?
Q2What is superlative?
Q3How to form short adjective?
Q4How to form long adjective?
Q5What is irregular?
8重点回顾 Recap
- 短形容词:-er than 比较 · the -est 最高——taller、the tallest
- 长形容词:more…than · the most…——more comfortable、the most popular
- 不规则:good → better → best · bad → worse → worst
- 比较句一定有 than;最高级前面一定有 the
- 课文例子:the busiest place I have ever seen(最高级 + 现在完成式)