Weather 天氣
基礎It is + 形容詞。
- 天氣形容詞：sunny、rainy、cloudy、windy、hot、cold、warm、wet。
- 問天氣兩款：What is the weather like? / How is the weather?
- 答天氣一定 It is + 形容詞：It is windy today.
文體小知識：Talk about weather.
§課文原文 Passage
1The weather in Hong Kong changes very quickly. In summer, it is hot and wet, and the sun shines brightly. Many people stay indoors because it is too hot outside. Sometimes the sky is cloudy, and then heavy rain comes suddenly. I always carry an umbrella in my bag. It is like a magician that changes its tricks.
2In autumn, the weather becomes warm and sunny, so we often go hiking. The wind feels cool and gentle on my face. In winter, it is cold and dry, and we wear thick coats and scarves. In spring, it is often rainy and cloudy, and the sky turns grey. The streets are wet, and the air smells fresh.
3Typhoon days are windy, and schools sometimes have to close. I stay at home and play board games with my family. On sunny days, I feel happy and want to play outside. Before I go out, I always check the weather report. It helps me decide what to wear and what to bring. What is the weather like in your city today?
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
The weather in Hong Kong changes very quickly.
香港的天氣變得好快。
In summer, it is hot and wet, and the sun shines brightly.
夏天又熱又潮濕，太陽好猛烈。
Many people stay indoors because it is too hot outside.
好多人留在室內，因為外面實在太熱。
Sometimes the sky is cloudy, and then heavy rain comes suddenly.
有時天空會多雲，接著忽然下大雨。
I always carry an umbrella in my bag.
我袋子裡一定帶著一把雨傘。
It is like a magician that changes its tricks.
它好像魔術師一樣，常常變花樣。
In autumn, the weather becomes warm and sunny, so we often go hiking.
秋天變得溫暖又有陽光，所以我們常常去行山。
The wind feels cool and gentle on my face.
風吹在臉上，涼涼的又好舒服。
In winter, it is cold and dry, and we wear thick coats and scarves.
冬天又凍又乾燥，我們要穿厚外套同戴頸巾。
In spring, it is often rainy and cloudy, and the sky turns grey.
春天常常下雨又多雲，天空變得灰濛濛。
The streets are wet, and the air smells fresh.
街上濕漉漉，空氣好清新。
Typhoon days are windy, and schools sometimes have to close.
颱風的日子風好大，學校有時要停課。
I stay at home and play board games with my family.
我會留在家和家人玩跳棋。
On sunny days, I feel happy and want to play outside.
天晴的日子，我會好開心，想出去外面玩。
Before I go out, I always check the weather report.
出門之前，我一定會看天氣報告。
It helps me decide what to wear and what to bring.
這樣可以幫我決定穿什麼衣服、帶什麼東西。
What is the weather like in your city today?
你的城市今天天氣怎麼樣？
1重點摘要 Summary
It is + 形容詞。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
晴天
下雨
多雲
大風
熱
凍
溫暖
潮濕
3逐步講解 Steps
- 形容天氣的形容詞形容天氣的形容詞多由名詞加 y 構成：sun 變 sunny（晴朗）、rain 變 rainy（下雨）、cloud 變 cloudy（多雲）、wind 變 windy（有風）。例句：It is sunny and warm today. 要注意這類變化有拼寫規則：sun 要雙寫 n 再加 y，其餘的直接加 y；天氣句的主語通常用 it，而且不能省略，不能只說 Is sunny today，必須先寫 It。
- 溫度的形容詞描述溫度冷熱常用 hot（熱）、warm（溫暖）、cool（涼爽）、cold（寒冷）。例句：It is hot in summer and cold in winter. 要注意 warm 與 cool 表示令人舒服的溫度，hot 與 cold 帶有極端的意思，用時要按實際情況選詞；這些形容詞也可以描述食物或人的感受，例如 hot soup、I feel cold；需要加強程度時可以用 very、quite 修飾，例如 very cold.
- 詢問天氣詢問天氣有兩個常用句式：How is the weather? 以及 What's the weather like? 例句：What's the weather like in Hong Kong in summer? 要注意兩種問法意思相同，但結構不同：how 後面直接用 be 動詞，what 後面必須有 like，兩者不可混搭；回答一律用 It is 開頭。另外詢問某地某季的天氣時，要加上地點與時間短語，例如 in summer、in December.
- 回答天氣的句式回答天氣用 It is 加形容詞，例如：It is sunny. It is cloudy and windy. 要注意主語必須用 it，這是天氣句式的固定用法；兩個形容詞並列時中間用 and 連接；如果天氣現象正在發生，可以用現在進行式，例如 It is raining（正在下雨）。rainy 形容天氣狀態，raining 強調雨正在下，兩者意思不同，不可混用。
- 四季天氣描述四季可以把季節與形容詞配對：summer 是 hot and wet（又熱又濕）；autumn 是 warm and sunny（溫暖晴朗）；winter 是 cold and dry（寒冷乾燥）；spring 是 rainy and cloudy（多雨多雲）。例句：In Hong Kong, summer is hot and wet. 要注意季節名詞前面一般不加冠詞，表達在某個季節用 in，例如 in winter；描述經常出現的天氣用一般現在式，因為這是每年重複的規律。
- 天氣與活動建議天氣與活動可以用建議句連接：It is rainy. Take an umbrella. It is cold. Wear a thick coat. It is sunny. Let us go hiking. 要注意提建議的方法有多種：祈使句直接說 Take an umbrella；用 should 更委婉，例如 You should wear a coat；用 let us 提議大家一起做某事。建議與天氣要有邏輯關係，雨天帶傘、晴天遠足，這樣的搭配才合理自然。
5例題示範 Example
問題：怎樣描述今日天氣，並按天氣提出合理建議？
- 第一步：先以問句引出主題，用 What is the weather like today? 詢問天氣，注意 what 之後必須有 like。
- 第二步：用 It is 加形容詞回答，可以並列兩個形容詞讓描述更豐富，例如：It is cloudy and rainy today.
- 第三步：補充氣溫資料，用 about 加數字加 degrees，例如：It is about 25 degrees.
- 第四步：按天氣提出建議，用 should 或祈使句都可以，例如：You should take an umbrella.
- 第五步：說明天氣對活動安排的影響，用 can 提出替代方案，例如：We can play board games at home instead.
- 答案：示範答案：It is cloudy and rainy today, about 25 degrees. You should take an umbrella. On sunny days we go hiking, but today we can play board games at home.
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
76 題快測 Quick check
Q1晴天？
Q2下雨？
Q3多雲？
Q4大風？
Q5熱？
Q6凍？
8重點回顧 Recap
- 天氣形容詞：sunny、rainy、cloudy、windy、hot、cold、warm、wet。
- 問天氣兩款：What is the weather like? / How is the weather?
- 答天氣一定 It is + 形容詞：It is windy today.
- 香港四季：summer 熱濕、autumn 暖、winter 凍乾、spring 多雨。
- 出門前看天氣報告，決定著什麼帶什麼。