Adjectives 形容詞

基礎

Adjectives 形容詞

適合:小三英國語文 · 單元:基礎文法 · 建議學習路徑第 7/18 課

學完呢課,你會識:
  • 兩樣比較:-er + than:taller than me。
  • 成批比較:the + -est:the tallest boy。
  • big 雙寫 g:bigger, biggest。
文體:Grammar有聲朗讀

文體小知識:Learn basic grammar.

作者

英國語文English Language

§課文原文 Passage

1My cat Lucky has a small red ball. It is her favourite toy. She plays with it every day. My best friend Amy is taller than me. Ben is the tallest boy in our class.

2Amy's school bag is bigger than mine because she carries more books. My bag is small but light. The biggest watermelon in the shop looks very heavy.

3I buy a red apple and a green apple every week. The red apple is sweeter than the green one. On rainy days, the sky is grey and the streets are wet. Lucky is the happiest cat in the world when I come home. On hot days, we eat cold ice cream at the small shop near our school. The shop is small, but the ice cream is delicious. Lucky sleeps on a soft warm mat. Summer in Hong Kong is hot and wet, but I still love it.

§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation

My cat Lucky has a small red ball.

我的貓 Lucky 有一個紅色的小球。

It is her favourite toy.

那是他最喜歡的玩具。

She plays with it every day.

他每天都同那個球玩。

My best friend Amy is taller than me.

我好朋友 Amy 比我高。

Ben is the tallest boy in our class.

Ben 是我們班最高的男孩。

Amy's school bag is bigger than mine because she carries more books.

Amy 的書包比我的大,因為他帶的書多一些。

My bag is small but light.

我的書包小但是輕。

The biggest watermelon in the shop looks very heavy.

商店裡面最大的西瓜看上去很重。

I buy a red apple and a green apple every week.

我每個星期都買一個紅蘋果同一個青蘋果。

The red apple is sweeter than the green one.

紅蘋果比青蘋果甜。

On rainy days, the sky is grey and the streets are wet.

下雨的日子,天空灰暗,街上濕漉漉。

Lucky is the happiest cat in the world when I come home.

我回到家的時候,Lucky 是全世界最開心的貓。

On hot days, we eat cold ice cream at the small shop near our school.

天熱的時候,我們會在學校附近的小店吃冰淇淋。

The shop is small, but the ice cream is delicious.

店小小的,但那些冰淇淋很好吃。

Lucky sleeps on a soft warm mat.

Lucky 睡在一張又軟又暖的墊上面。

Summer in Hong Kong is hot and wet, but I still love it.

香港的夏天又熱又濕,但是我依然很喜歡。

1重點摘要 Summary

Adjectives 形容詞

2生字卡 Vocabulary

a
adjective形容詞

描述東西是怎樣的字。

t
tall高

由上到下好長。

t
taller更高

兩樣東西比較,高些。

t
tallest最高

成班裡面最高的那個。

b
bigger更大

大些,兩樣比較。

b
biggest最大

全部裡面最大的那個。

s
sweet甜

糖這樣的味道。

s
sweeter更甜

甜些,兩樣比較。

h
heavy重

拿起好吃力。

l
light輕

易拿。

3逐步講解 Steps

  1. 形容詞基本位形容詞放在名詞前面:a small red ball 裡的 small 和 red 都描述 ball,my favourite toy 的 favourite 也一樣。一個名詞前可以放幾個形容詞,通常大小在前、顏色在後。易錯位:形容詞也可以放在 is 之後,例如 The ball is red,兩個位置都正確。
  2. 比較級 -er兩樣東西比較,形容詞加 er,再用 than 帶出對象:Amy is taller than me,Amy 比我高;My bag is smaller than Amy's bag,我的袋比 Amy 的袋小。句型是 A 加 be 動詞加形容詞 er 加 than 加 B。易錯位:than 之後必須接清楚比較的對象,不能只寫到 taller than 就停,後面要有人或物。
  3. 最高級 the -est三樣或以上比較,用 the 加形容詞 est:Ben is the tallest boy in the class,Ben 是全班最高的男孩;The biggest watermelon looks very heavy,最大的西瓜看來很重。句型是 the 加 est,並且常用 in the class 這類範圍片語說明比較範圍。易錯位:est 之前一定要有 the,漏了 the 就不合文法。
  4. 不規則變化加 er 和 est 有拼寫規矩:big 是短字,先雙寫尾字母 g,變 bigger 和 biggest;happy 以子音加 y 結尾,把 y 改成 i 再加 er,變 happier;good 最特別,是不規則字,變 better 和 best。易錯位:good 的比較級是 better,不是 gooder;bad 也要整套記住:bad、worse、worst。
  5. than 不能漏有 er 就要有 than:The red apple is sweeter than the green one,紅蘋果比綠蘋果甜。than 之後接比較的對象,對象可以是名詞、代名詞或所有格,例如 than the green one、than me、than mine。易錯位:中文說紅蘋果更甜,可以不提對象,英文的比較句必須交代和誰比,than 一個都不能少。
  6. mine / yours 代替名詞Amy's school bag is bigger than mine 裡的 mine 等於 my bag,因為袋子之前已經提過,用 mine 代替,句子更簡潔。同類字有 yours、his、hers、ours、theirs,它們單獨使用,後面不再加名詞。易錯位:my 後面必須跟名詞,寫 my bag;mine 後面不能再跟名詞,兩者不可混用。
  7. 句式練習套用句式寫三句:比較級兩句,例如 My cat is smaller than my dog、I am taller than my sister;最高級一句,例如 Ben is the tallest boy in our class。寫完逐句檢查:er 後面有沒有 than?est 前面有沒有 the?最後把三句連讀一次,確認句子完整通順。

5例題示範 Example

比較三級卡:用 -er 加 than 和 the 加 -est 依序寫出句子,寫完檢查兩個標記。

  1. 比較一(兩樣):Amy is taller than me. taller 加 er,than 帶出比較對象 me。
  2. 比較二:My bag is smaller than Amy's bag. 用所有格 Amy's bag 說明比較的袋子。
  3. 比較三:The red apple is sweeter than the green one. one 代替 apple 避免重複。
  4. 最高級:Ben is the tallest boy in our class. the 加 est,in our class 劃定範圍。
  5. 進階:The biggest watermelon looks very heavy. biggest 前面記得 the。
  6. 檢查:er 後面有 than 嗎?est 前面有 the 嗎?拼寫有沒有雙寫或改 y?
  7. 答案:Amy is taller than me. My bag is smaller than Amy's bag. The red apple is sweeter than the green one. Ben is the tallest boy in our class.

6常見錯誤 Mistakes

✗ Amy is taller me.
✓ Amy is taller than me.(不可以漏 than)
✗ Ben is tallest boy.
✓ Ben is the tallest boy.(最高級要 the)
✗ My bag is more big.
✓ My bag is bigger.(短字用 -er)
✗ biger
✓ bigger(big 雙寫 g 再加 er)
✗ The apple is sweeter then the pear.
✓ sweeter than(比較用 than 不是 then)

75 題快測 Quick check

Q1哪個比我高?

Q2哪個是班上最高的男仔?

Q3哪隻蘋果甜些?

Q4下雨天個天是什麼色?

Q5改錯:This is the bigest melon.

8重點回顧 Recap

  • 兩樣比較:-er + than:taller than me。
  • 成批比較:the + -est:the tallest boy。
  • big 雙寫 g:bigger, biggest。
  • mine 代 my + 名詞:bigger than mine。
  • 寫完檢查 than 和 the 有沒有漏。

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