Adjectives 形容词
基础Adjectives 形容词
- 两样比较:-er + than:taller than me。
- 成批比较:the + -est:the tallest boy。
- big 双写 g:bigger, biggest。
文体小知识:Learn basic grammar.
§课文原文 Passage
1My cat Lucky has a small red ball. It is her favourite toy. She plays with it every day. My best friend Amy is taller than me. Ben is the tallest boy in our class.
2Amy's school bag is bigger than mine because she carries more books. My bag is small but light. The biggest watermelon in the shop looks very heavy.
3I buy a red apple and a green apple every week. The red apple is sweeter than the green one. On rainy days, the sky is grey and the streets are wet. Lucky is the happiest cat in the world when I come home. On hot days, we eat cold ice cream at the small shop near our school. The shop is small, but the ice cream is delicious. Lucky sleeps on a soft warm mat. Summer in Hong Kong is hot and wet, but I still love it.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
My cat Lucky has a small red ball.
我的猫 Lucky 有一个红色的小球。
It is her favourite toy.
那是他最喜欢的玩具。
She plays with it every day.
他每天都同那个球玩。
My best friend Amy is taller than me.
我好朋友 Amy 比我高。
Ben is the tallest boy in our class.
Ben 是我们班最高的男孩。
Amy's school bag is bigger than mine because she carries more books.
Amy 的书包比我的大,因为他带的书多一些。
My bag is small but light.
我的书包小但是轻。
The biggest watermelon in the shop looks very heavy.
商店里面最大的西瓜看上去很重。
I buy a red apple and a green apple every week.
我每个星期都买一个红苹果同一个青苹果。
The red apple is sweeter than the green one.
红苹果比青苹果甜。
On rainy days, the sky is grey and the streets are wet.
下雨的日子,天空灰暗,街上湿漉漉。
Lucky is the happiest cat in the world when I come home.
我回到家的时候,Lucky 是全世界最开心的猫。
On hot days, we eat cold ice cream at the small shop near our school.
天热的时候,我们会在学校附近的小店吃冰淇淋。
The shop is small, but the ice cream is delicious.
店小小的,但那些冰淇淋很好吃。
Lucky sleeps on a soft warm mat.
Lucky 睡在一张又软又暖的垫上面。
Summer in Hong Kong is hot and wet, but I still love it.
香港的夏天又热又湿,但是我依然很喜欢。
1重点摘要 Summary
Adjectives 形容词
2生字卡 Vocabulary
描述东西是怎样的字。
由上到下好长。
两样东西比较,高些。
成班里面最高的那个。
大些,两样比较。
全部里面最大的那个。
糖这样的味道。
甜些,两样比较。
拿起好吃力。
易拿。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 形容词基本位形容词放在名词前面:a small red ball 里的 small 和 red 都描述 ball,my favourite toy 的 favourite 也一样。一个名词前可以放几个形容词,通常大小在前、颜色在后。易错位:形容词也可以放在 is 之后,例如 The ball is red,两个位置都正确。
- 比较级 -er两样东西比较,形容词加 er,再用 than 带出对象:Amy is taller than me,Amy 比我高;My bag is smaller than Amy's bag,我的袋比 Amy 的袋小。句型是 A 加 be 动词加形容词 er 加 than 加 B。易错位:than 之后必须接清楚比较的对象,不能只写到 taller than 就停,后面要有人或物。
- 最高级 the -est三样或以上比较,用 the 加形容词 est:Ben is the tallest boy in the class,Ben 是全班最高的男孩;The biggest watermelon looks very heavy,最大的西瓜看来很重。句型是 the 加 est,并且常用 in the class 这类范围片语说明比较范围。易错位:est 之前一定要有 the,漏了 the 就不合文法。
- 不规则变化加 er 和 est 有拼写规矩:big 是短字,先双写尾字母 g,变 bigger 和 biggest;happy 以子音加 y 结尾,把 y 改成 i 再加 er,变 happier;good 最特别,是不规则字,变 better 和 best。易错位:good 的比较级是 better,不是 gooder;bad 也要整套记住:bad、worse、worst。
- than 不能漏有 er 就要有 than:The red apple is sweeter than the green one,红苹果比绿苹果甜。than 之后接比较的对象,对象可以是名词、代名词或所有格,例如 than the green one、than me、than mine。易错位:中文说红苹果更甜,可以不提对象,英文的比较句必须交代和谁比,than 一个都不能少。
- mine / yours 代替名词Amy's school bag is bigger than mine 里的 mine 等于 my bag,因为袋子之前已经提过,用 mine 代替,句子更简洁。同类字有 yours、his、hers、ours、theirs,它们单独使用,后面不再加名词。易错位:my 后面必须跟名词,写 my bag;mine 后面不能再跟名词,两者不可混用。
- 句式练习套用句式写三句:比较级两句,例如 My cat is smaller than my dog、I am taller than my sister;最高级一句,例如 Ben is the tallest boy in our class。写完逐句检查:er 后面有没有 than?est 前面有没有 the?最后把三句连读一次,确认句子完整通顺。
5例题示范 Example
比较三级卡:用 -er 加 than 和 the 加 -est 依序写出句子,写完检查两个标记。
- 比较一(两样):Amy is taller than me. taller 加 er,than 带出比较对象 me。
- 比较二:My bag is smaller than Amy's bag. 用所有格 Amy's bag 说明比较的袋子。
- 比较三:The red apple is sweeter than the green one. one 代替 apple 避免重复。
- 最高级:Ben is the tallest boy in our class. the 加 est,in our class 划定范围。
- 进阶:The biggest watermelon looks very heavy. biggest 前面记得 the。
- 检查:er 后面有 than 吗?est 前面有 the 吗?拼写有没有双写或改 y?
- 答案:Amy is taller than me. My bag is smaller than Amy's bag. The red apple is sweeter than the green one. Ben is the tallest boy in our class.
6常见错误 Mistakes
75 题快测 Quick check
Q1哪个比我高?
Q2哪个是班上最高的男仔?
Q3哪只苹果甜些?
Q4下雨天个天是什么色?
Q5改错:This is the bigest melon.
8重点回顾 Recap
- 两样比较:-er + than:taller than me。
- 成批比较:the + -est:the tallest boy。
- big 双写 g:bigger, biggest。
- mine 代 my + 名词:bigger than mine。
- 写完检查 than 和 the 有没有漏。