Plurals 复数
基础规则 + 不规则要记。
- 一般加 s：cats、books。
- s / x / ch / sh 加 es：boxes、watches。
- 子音 + y 变 ies：baby→babies、puppy→puppies。
文体小知识：Add -s, -es, irregular.
§课文原文 Passage
1On Saturday, our class visited an animal shelter in the New Territories. There were many cats and dogs waiting for new homes. Two small mice were sleeping in a warm box near the window. The shelter also takes care of other animals like rabbits and birds. An old man there told us that every animal has a name.
2Three children from our class helped clean the cages. Two men and four women volunteers taught us how to hold the animals gently. A baby rabbit hurt one of its feet, so the vet checked it carefully. She said baby rabbits' feet are very soft, and we must always support their bodies with two hands.
3The workers said babies and small animals need more care. Many of the animals lost their homes because of storms, so they arrived in wet boxes. We left some boxes of pet food for them before we went home. Helping animals made us feel warm and happy. I told my parents that I want to volunteer there again. One small act of kindness can change a life.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
On Saturday, our class visited an animal shelter in the New Territories.
星期六，我们全班去了新界一间动物收容所。
There were many cats and dogs waiting for new homes.
那里有很多猫同狗，等着新家。
Two small mice were sleeping in a warm box near the window.
两只小老鼠睡在窗边一个暖暖的箱里面。
The shelter also takes care of other animals like rabbits and birds.
收容所还照顾兔子、小鸟等动物。
An old man there told us that every animal has a name.
那里有位伯伯告诉我们，每只动物都有名字。
Three children from our class helped clean the cages.
我们班三个小朋友帮忙清洁笼子。
Two men and four women volunteers taught us how to hold the animals gently.
两个男人同四个女人义工教会我们怎样温柔地抱着动物。
A baby rabbit hurt one of its feet, so the vet checked it carefully.
一只兔子弄伤了其中一只脚，兽医很小心地帮牠检查。
She said baby rabbits' feet are very soft, and we must always support their bodies with two hands.
她说兔子的脚很软，一定要用两只手托住牠们的身体。
The workers said babies and small animals need more care.
职员说婴儿同小动物需要更多照顾。
Many of the animals lost their homes because of storms, so they arrived in wet boxes.
很多动物因为暴风雨失去了家，来到的时候睡在湿透的箱里面。
We left some boxes of pet food for them before we went home.
回家之前，我们留下了几箱宠物粮给牠们。
Helping animals made us feel warm and happy.
帮助了动物，令我们心里暖暖的，很开心。
I told my parents that I want to volunteer there again.
我告诉爸爸妈妈，我想再去那里做义工。
One small act of kindness can change a life.
一个小小的善举，就可以改变一条生命。
1重点摘要 Summary
规则 + 不规则要记。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
多只猫。
多个盒。
多个婴儿。
多个小孩。
多个男人。
多个女人。
多只脚。
多只老鼠。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 一般一般名词在字尾加 s 构成复数：cat 变 cats，book 变 books。例句：I have three books. 提示：以浊音结尾的名词，词尾的 s 读作 z 音，例如 dogs，拼写不变，只是发音略有不同。
- s/x/ch/sh以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词加 es：box 变 boxes，bus 变 buses，watch 变 watches，dish 变 dishes。例句：There are two boxes on the desk. 提示：这些字尾直接加 s 会很难读，所以加 es，并多出一个音节。
- 辅音+y辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词，把 y 改成 ies：baby 变 babies，city 变 cities，puppy 变 puppies。例句：Two puppies were barking. 提示：若 y 之前是元音字母，则直接加 s，如 boys、days、keys，两种情况要分清。
- 不规则不规则复数要逐个牢记：child 变 children，foot 变 feet，man 变 men，tooth 变 teeth，mouse 变 mice。例句：The children played in the park. 提示：这些是高频词，宜配合例句记忆，不可画蛇添足再加 s。
- 动物收容所实战在实际句子中综合运用：There were many cats and dogs. Two small mice were sleeping. 贴士：cats 是一般加 s；mouse 变 mice 是不规则；many、two 之后必须用复数名词，单数名词前面才用 a 或 one。
- f / fe 结尾部分以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，把 f 变成 ves：leaf 变 leaves，wolf 变 wolves，knife 变 knives。例句：The leaves fell in the garden. 提示：也有直接加 s 的例外，如 roofs、chiefs，遇到时个别记住即可。
5例题示范 Example
问题：怎样描述动物收容所里的动物数量？要把一般加 s、加 es、y 改 ies、不规则与 f 变 ves 全部用上。
- 第一步：一般名词加 s — There were many cats and dogs. many 之后用复数 cats 与 dogs。
- 第二步：s/x/ch/sh 结尾加 es — three boxes of pet food. box 变 boxes，多了一个音节。
- 第三步：辅音加 y 变 ies — two puppies were barking. puppy 是辅音加 y，所以变 puppies。
- 第四步：不规则逐个记 — mouse 变 mice，foot 变 feet，child 变 children。
- 第五步：f 变 ves — The leaves fell in the shelter garden. leaf 变 leaves。
- 答案：示范答案：There were many cats and dogs at the shelter. Two small mice were sleeping in a box, and two puppies were barking. The children brought three boxes of food and some leaves for the beds. 一段文字覆盖了加 s、不规则、加 es、ies 与 ves 五种复数变化。
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1一般复数加什么？
Q2box 复数？
Q3baby 复数？
Q4child 复数？
Q5man 复数？
Q6foot 复数？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 一般加 s：cats、books。
- s / x / ch / sh 加 es：boxes、watches。
- 子音 + y 变 ies：baby→babies、puppy→puppies。
- 不规则四大：child→children、foot→feet、mouse→mice、man→men。
- f / fe 变 ves：leaf→leaves、wolf→wolves。