Writing Stories 寫故事
基礎開始介紹，中段事件，結尾解決。
- 故事結構：開始（人物背景）→ 中段（事件）→ 高潮 → 結尾。
- 開頭留懸念，不要一眼看穿。
- 對話要加引號，一句就生動。
文體小知識：Beginning, middle, end.
§課文原文 Passage
1The Lost Puppy
One sunny Saturday, Katy found a small puppy crying near the estate gate. It was thin and dirty, and it had no collar. Katy is the character everyone loves — kind and brave. She looked everywhere for the owner, but nobody came. The problem was simple: the puppy had no home to go back to.
2Katy could not describe how worried she felt. She put up notices with a photo of the puppy on every lamppost. 'Please help me find his family,' she wrote. The setting was the busy estate, and many neighbours stopped to read the notices.
3Three days later, an old man called the number on the notice. His dog had been lost for a week, and he had searched every street. When the man saw the puppy, his eyes filled with tears. 'Thank you for saving my best friend,' he said. It was the climax of the whole week. Then the puppy jumped up and licked his hands happily.
4Katy was sad to say goodbye, but she was also proud. She learned that kindness always finds its way home. On the last page of her notebook, she wrote, 'A good story needs a clear plot, natural dialogue and a happy ending.'
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
The Lost Puppy
走失的小狗
One sunny Saturday, Katy found a small puppy crying near the estate gate.
一個晴朗的星期六，Katy 在屋苑門口發現一隻哭着的小狗。
It was thin and dirty, and it had no collar.
牠又瘦又骯髒，頸上還沒有頸圈。
Katy is the character everyone loves — kind and brave.
Katy 就是故事裡面人見人愛的角色——善良又勇敢。
She looked everywhere for the owner, but nobody came.
她到處找主人，但沒有人來認領。
The problem was simple: the puppy had no home to go back to.
這個問題很簡單：小狗無家可歸。
Katy could not describe how worried she felt.
Katy 無法形容自己有多擔心。
She put up notices with a photo of the puppy on every lamppost.
她在每支街燈上面貼了尋犬啟事，還貼上小狗的照片。
'Please help me find his family,' she wrote.
她寫着：「請幫我找牠的家人。」
The setting was the busy estate, and many neighbours stopped to read the notices.
故事背景是繁忙的屋苑，很多鄰居都停下來看啟事。
Three days later, an old man called the number on the notice.
三日後，有位伯伯打了啟事上面那個電話號碼。
His dog had been lost for a week, and he had searched every street.
他的狗走失了一個星期，他找遍了每一條街。
When the man saw the puppy, his eyes filled with tears.
伯伯見到小狗那一刻，眼淚都湧了出來。
'Thank you for saving my best friend,' he said.
他說：「多謝你救回我最好的朋友。」
It was the climax of the whole week.
這個就是整個星期的高潮。
Then the puppy jumped up and licked his hands happily.
接著小狗跳起來，開心地舔着他的手。
Katy was sad to say goodbye, but she was also proud.
Katy 很不捨得說再見，但同時又很自豪。
She learned that kindness always finds its way home.
她明白到，善良始終會帶你回家。
On the last page of her notebook, she wrote, 'A good story needs a clear plot, natural dialogue and a happy ending.'
她在筆記本最後一頁寫着：「好的故事要有清晰的情節、自然的對話同開心的結局。」
1重點摘要 Summary
開始介紹，中段事件，結尾解決。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
角色。
背景。
情節。
問題。
高潮。
結局。
描寫。
對話。
3逐步講解 Steps
- 開始考點是故事開頭的寫法：交代人物與背景，並埋下懸念，例如 Last night, I heard a strange sound downstairs. 時間、地點加一句異常事件，讀者便想追看下去。方法是在第一段只做三件事：點時間、點地點、設疑團。易錯之處是第一句便說出結局，讀者再無追看的動力；懸念是故事的引擎，開頭埋得好，中段與結尾才有發揮，這是寫作與考試同樣受用的道理，落筆前先想好疑團是什麼。
- 中段考點是中段的推進：讓事件逐步升級，緊張感一層層加深，例如 I went downstairs quietly with a torch. The door was open, and the wind was blowing. 主角的行動與環境描寫交替出現，故事便有推進感。方法是每寫一句行動，配一句環境或感受，張力便層層而上。易錯之處是中段只顧敘事，缺少環境描寫，緊張感便起不來；quietly 一詞寫出腳步之輕，一個副詞已令畫面有聲音，用詞之妙正在於此。
- 高潮考點是高潮的處理：全篇最緊張的位置通常只有一兩句，例如 A small cat was sitting at the door! 用感嘆號與短句加強節奏，真相揭開的一刻要乾脆俐落。方法是把最短、最有力的句子留給高潮，一擊而中。易錯之處是拖泥帶水，高潮寫了幾行還不揭曉，張力反而消散；讀者屏息以待的一刻，一句便是全部，這正是短句的力量，考試寫作記住此訣，高潮便寫得出色。
- 結尾考點是結尾的寫法：解決問題，並可帶出教訓或感受，例如 I let it in. It was warm and soft, and now it is my pet. 結局要與開頭呼應：開頭的怪聲原來是一隻小貓，懸念解開，故事便完整。方法是在懸念解開之後加一句感受，令故事有餘韻。易錯之處是結局與開頭的懸念對不上，或收結倉促，草草兩句便完；好的結尾既是答案，也是回味，兩者兼顧才圓滿，閱卷者最看重這一份完整。
- 留懸念考點是懸念的運用。懸念令讀者追看下去，例如開頭寫 I heard a strange sound. 之後才逐層揭示真相。方法是在開頭提出疑團，中段每層給一點新線索，結尾才解開。懸念不等於故弄玄虛：層層要有進展，最後必須交代，否則讀者會失望。易錯之處是只賣關子不給線索，或到結尾仍未解釋怪聲的由來；懸念是借出的債，結尾必須清還，這是佈局的規矩，也是故事的信用。
- 引語加引號考點是直接引語的標點規範。原句要加引號，例如 Katy said, "Who are you?" 引述動詞 said、asked 之後用逗號，引號內一字不改照錄原話。方法是在故事緊張或轉折處插入一兩句對話，推進情節又添生動感。易錯之處是漏寫引號或逗號，把引語與敘述混在一起；適量引語是加分位，太多則拖慢節奏，一個故事兩三句對話便足夠點睛，標點準確更是基本功，卷面一望而知。
5例題示範 Example
問題：怎樣寫一個有開始、中段、高潮與結尾的短故事？以樓下怪聲為題，逐段鋪墊。
- 第一步：開始留懸念 — Last night, I heard a strange sound downstairs. 時間加怪聲，讀者立刻想追看。
- 第二步：主角行動 — I went downstairs quietly with a torch. quietly 與 torch 加強緊張氣氛。
- 第三步：中段升級 — The door was open, and the wind was blowing. 環境描寫把不安感推高。
- 第四步：高潮揭曉 — A small cat was sitting at the door! 感嘆號與短句，真相一句揭開。
- 第五步：解決收結 — I let it in. It was warm and soft, and now it is my pet. 懸念解開，並以溫暖感受作結。
- 答案：示範答案：Last night, I heard a strange sound downstairs. I crept down with a torch. The door was open — and a small cat was sitting there! I let it in. It was warm and soft, and now it is my pet. 開頭設懸念，中段升級，高潮一句揭曉，結尾溫暖，四部分俱全。
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
76 題快測 Quick check
Q1故事三段？
Q2開始寫什麼？
Q3中段寫什麼？
Q4結尾寫什麼？
Q5對話用什麼標點？
Q6怎樣令故事生動？
8重點回顧 Recap
- 故事結構：開始（人物背景）→ 中段（事件）→ 高潮 → 結尾。
- 開頭留懸念，不要一眼看穿。
- 對話要加引號，一句就生動。
- 故事用過去式一寫到底。
- 結尾解決事件，加一句感受。