Writing Stories 写故事
基础开始介绍，中段事件，结尾解决。
- 故事结构：开始（人物背景）→ 中段（事件）→ 高潮 → 结尾。
- 开头留悬念，不要一眼看穿。
- 对话要加引号，一句就生动。
文体小知识：Beginning, middle, end.
§课文原文 Passage
1The Lost Puppy
One sunny Saturday, Katy found a small puppy crying near the estate gate. It was thin and dirty, and it had no collar. Katy is the character everyone loves — kind and brave. She looked everywhere for the owner, but nobody came. The problem was simple: the puppy had no home to go back to.
2Katy could not describe how worried she felt. She put up notices with a photo of the puppy on every lamppost. 'Please help me find his family,' she wrote. The setting was the busy estate, and many neighbours stopped to read the notices.
3Three days later, an old man called the number on the notice. His dog had been lost for a week, and he had searched every street. When the man saw the puppy, his eyes filled with tears. 'Thank you for saving my best friend,' he said. It was the climax of the whole week. Then the puppy jumped up and licked his hands happily.
4Katy was sad to say goodbye, but she was also proud. She learned that kindness always finds its way home. On the last page of her notebook, she wrote, 'A good story needs a clear plot, natural dialogue and a happy ending.'
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
The Lost Puppy
走失的小狗
One sunny Saturday, Katy found a small puppy crying near the estate gate.
一个晴朗的星期六，Katy 在屋苑门口发现一只哭着的小狗。
It was thin and dirty, and it had no collar.
牠又瘦又肮脏，颈上还没有颈圈。
Katy is the character everyone loves — kind and brave.
Katy 就是故事里面人见人爱的角色——善良又勇敢。
She looked everywhere for the owner, but nobody came.
她到处找主人，但没有人来认领。
The problem was simple: the puppy had no home to go back to.
这个问题很简单：小狗无家可归。
Katy could not describe how worried she felt.
Katy 无法形容自己有多担心。
She put up notices with a photo of the puppy on every lamppost.
她在每支街灯上面贴了寻犬启事，还贴上小狗的照片。
'Please help me find his family,' she wrote.
她写着：「请帮我找牠的家人。」
The setting was the busy estate, and many neighbours stopped to read the notices.
故事背景是繁忙的屋苑，很多邻居都停下来看启事。
Three days later, an old man called the number on the notice.
三日后，有位伯伯打了启事上面那个电话号码。
His dog had been lost for a week, and he had searched every street.
他的狗走失了一个星期，他找遍了每一条街。
When the man saw the puppy, his eyes filled with tears.
伯伯见到小狗那一刻，眼泪都涌了出来。
'Thank you for saving my best friend,' he said.
他说：「多谢你救回我最好的朋友。」
It was the climax of the whole week.
这个就是整个星期的高潮。
Then the puppy jumped up and licked his hands happily.
接著小狗跳起来，开心地舔着他的手。
Katy was sad to say goodbye, but she was also proud.
Katy 很不舍得说再见，但同时又很自豪。
She learned that kindness always finds its way home.
她明白到，善良始终会带你回家。
On the last page of her notebook, she wrote, 'A good story needs a clear plot, natural dialogue and a happy ending.'
她在笔记本最后一页写着：「好的故事要有清晰的情节、自然的对话同开心的结局。」
1重点摘要 Summary
开始介绍，中段事件，结尾解决。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
角色。
背景。
情节。
问题。
高潮。
结局。
描写。
对话。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 开始考点是故事开头的写法：交代人物与背景，并埋下悬念，例如 Last night, I heard a strange sound downstairs. 时间、地点加一句异常事件，读者便想追看下去。方法是在第一段只做三件事：点时间、点地点、设疑团。易错之处是第一句便说出结局，读者再无追看的动力；悬念是故事的引擎，开头埋得好，中段与结尾才有发挥，这是写作与考试同样受用的道理，落笔前先想好疑团是什么。
- 中段考点是中段的推进：让事件逐步升级，紧张感一层层加深，例如 I went downstairs quietly with a torch. The door was open, and the wind was blowing. 主角的行动与环境描写交替出现，故事便有推进感。方法是每写一句行动，配一句环境或感受，张力便层层而上。易错之处是中段只顾叙事，缺少环境描写，紧张感便起不来；quietly 一词写出脚步之轻，一个副词已令画面有声音，用词之妙正在于此。
- 高潮考点是高潮的处理：全篇最紧张的位置通常只有一两句，例如 A small cat was sitting at the door! 用感叹号与短句加强节奏，真相揭开的一刻要干脆俐落。方法是把最短、最有力的句子留给高潮，一击而中。易错之处是拖泥带水，高潮写了几行还不揭晓，张力反而消散；读者屏息以待的一刻，一句便是全部，这正是短句的力量，考试写作记住此诀，高潮便写得出色。
- 结尾考点是结尾的写法：解决问题，并可带出教训或感受，例如 I let it in. It was warm and soft, and now it is my pet. 结局要与开头呼应：开头的怪声原来是一只小猫，悬念解开，故事便完整。方法是在悬念解开之后加一句感受，令故事有余韵。易错之处是结局与开头的悬念对不上，或收结仓促，草草两句便完；好的结尾既是答案，也是回味，两者兼顾才圆满，阅卷者最看重这一份完整。
- 留悬念考点是悬念的运用。悬念令读者追看下去，例如开头写 I heard a strange sound. 之后才逐层揭示真相。方法是在开头提出疑团，中段每层给一点新线索，结尾才解开。悬念不等于故弄玄虚：层层要有进展，最后必须交代，否则读者会失望。易错之处是只卖关子不给线索，或到结尾仍未解释怪声的由来；悬念是借出的债，结尾必须清还，这是布局的规矩，也是故事的信用。
- 引语加引号考点是直接引语的标点规范。原句要加引号，例如 Katy said, "Who are you?" 引述动词 said、asked 之后用逗号，引号内一字不改照录原话。方法是在故事紧张或转折处插入一两句对话，推进情节又添生动感。易错之处是漏写引号或逗号，把引语与叙述混在一起；适量引语是加分位，太多则拖慢节奏，一个故事两三句对话便足够点睛，标点准确更是基本功，卷面一望而知。
5例题示范 Example
问题：怎样写一个有开始、中段、高潮与结尾的短故事？以楼下怪声为题，逐段铺垫。
- 第一步：开始留悬念 — Last night, I heard a strange sound downstairs. 时间加怪声，读者立刻想追看。
- 第二步：主角行动 — I went downstairs quietly with a torch. quietly 与 torch 加强紧张气氛。
- 第三步：中段升级 — The door was open, and the wind was blowing. 环境描写把不安感推高。
- 第四步：高潮揭晓 — A small cat was sitting at the door! 感叹号与短句，真相一句揭开。
- 第五步：解决收结 — I let it in. It was warm and soft, and now it is my pet. 悬念解开，并以温暖感受作结。
- 答案：示范答案：Last night, I heard a strange sound downstairs. I crept down with a torch. The door was open — and a small cat was sitting there! I let it in. It was warm and soft, and now it is my pet. 开头设悬念，中段升级，高潮一句揭晓，结尾温暖，四部分俱全。
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1故事三段？
Q2开始写什么？
Q3中段写什么？
Q4结尾写什么？
Q5对话用什么标点？
Q6怎样令故事生动？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 故事结构：开始（人物背景）→ 中段（事件）→ 高潮 → 结尾。
- 开头留悬念，不要一眼看穿。
- 对话要加引号，一句就生动。
- 故事用过去式一写到底。
- 结尾解决事件，加一句感受。