Plurals 複數
基礎規則 + 不規則要記。
- 一般加 s：cats、books。
- s / x / ch / sh 加 es：boxes、watches。
- 子音 + y 變 ies：baby→babies、puppy→puppies。
文體小知識：Add -s, -es, irregular.
§課文原文 Passage
1On Saturday, our class visited an animal shelter in the New Territories. There were many cats and dogs waiting for new homes. Two small mice were sleeping in a warm box near the window. The shelter also takes care of other animals like rabbits and birds. An old man there told us that every animal has a name.
2Three children from our class helped clean the cages. Two men and four women volunteers taught us how to hold the animals gently. A baby rabbit hurt one of its feet, so the vet checked it carefully. She said baby rabbits' feet are very soft, and we must always support their bodies with two hands.
3The workers said babies and small animals need more care. Many of the animals lost their homes because of storms, so they arrived in wet boxes. We left some boxes of pet food for them before we went home. Helping animals made us feel warm and happy. I told my parents that I want to volunteer there again. One small act of kindness can change a life.
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
On Saturday, our class visited an animal shelter in the New Territories.
星期六，我們全班去了新界一間動物收容所。
There were many cats and dogs waiting for new homes.
那裡有很多貓同狗，等着新家。
Two small mice were sleeping in a warm box near the window.
兩隻小老鼠睡在窗邊一個暖暖的箱裡面。
The shelter also takes care of other animals like rabbits and birds.
收容所還照顧兔子、小鳥等動物。
An old man there told us that every animal has a name.
那裡有位伯伯告訴我們，每隻動物都有名字。
Three children from our class helped clean the cages.
我們班三個小朋友幫忙清潔籠子。
Two men and four women volunteers taught us how to hold the animals gently.
兩個男人同四個女人義工教會我們怎樣温柔地抱着動物。
A baby rabbit hurt one of its feet, so the vet checked it carefully.
一隻兔子弄傷了其中一隻腳，獸醫很小心地幫牠檢查。
She said baby rabbits' feet are very soft, and we must always support their bodies with two hands.
她說兔子的腳很軟，一定要用兩隻手托住牠們的身體。
The workers said babies and small animals need more care.
職員說嬰兒同小動物需要更多照顧。
Many of the animals lost their homes because of storms, so they arrived in wet boxes.
很多動物因為暴風雨失去了家，來到的時候睡在濕透的箱裡面。
We left some boxes of pet food for them before we went home.
回家之前，我們留下了幾箱寵物糧給牠們。
Helping animals made us feel warm and happy.
幫助了動物，令我們心裏暖暖的，很開心。
I told my parents that I want to volunteer there again.
我告訴爸爸媽媽，我想再去那裡做義工。
One small act of kindness can change a life.
一個小小的善舉，就可以改變一條生命。
1重點摘要 Summary
規則 + 不規則要記。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
多隻貓。
多個盒。
多個嬰兒。
多個小孩。
多個男人。
多個女人。
多隻腳。
多隻老鼠。
3逐步講解 Steps
- 一般一般名詞在字尾加 s 構成複數：cat 變 cats，book 變 books。例句：I have three books. 提示：以濁音結尾的名詞，詞尾的 s 讀作 z 音，例如 dogs，拼寫不變，只是發音略有不同。
- s/x/ch/sh以 s、x、ch、sh 結尾的名詞加 es：box 變 boxes，bus 變 buses，watch 變 watches，dish 變 dishes。例句：There are two boxes on the desk. 提示：這些字尾直接加 s 會很難讀，所以加 es，並多出一個音節。
- 輔音+y輔音字母加 y 結尾的名詞，把 y 改成 ies：baby 變 babies，city 變 cities，puppy 變 puppies。例句：Two puppies were barking. 提示：若 y 之前是元音字母，則直接加 s，如 boys、days、keys，兩種情況要分清。
- 不規則不規則複數要逐個牢記：child 變 children，foot 變 feet，man 變 men，tooth 變 teeth，mouse 變 mice。例句：The children played in the park. 提示：這些是高頻詞，宜配合例句記憶，不可畫蛇添足再加 s。
- 動物收容所實戰在實際句子中綜合運用：There were many cats and dogs. Two small mice were sleeping. 貼士：cats 是一般加 s；mouse 變 mice 是不規則；many、two 之後必須用複數名詞，單數名詞前面才用 a 或 one。
- f / fe 結尾部分以 f 或 fe 結尾的名詞，把 f 變成 ves：leaf 變 leaves，wolf 變 wolves，knife 變 knives。例句：The leaves fell in the garden. 提示：也有直接加 s 的例外，如 roofs、chiefs，遇到時個別記住即可。
5例題示範 Example
問題：怎樣描述動物收容所裡的動物數量？要把一般加 s、加 es、y 改 ies、不規則與 f 變 ves 全部用上。
- 第一步：一般名詞加 s — There were many cats and dogs. many 之後用複數 cats 與 dogs。
- 第二步：s/x/ch/sh 結尾加 es — three boxes of pet food. box 變 boxes，多了一個音節。
- 第三步：輔音加 y 變 ies — two puppies were barking. puppy 是輔音加 y，所以變 puppies。
- 第四步：不規則逐個記 — mouse 變 mice，foot 變 feet，child 變 children。
- 第五步：f 變 ves — The leaves fell in the shelter garden. leaf 變 leaves。
- 答案：示範答案：There were many cats and dogs at the shelter. Two small mice were sleeping in a box, and two puppies were barking. The children brought three boxes of food and some leaves for the beds. 一段文字覆蓋了加 s、不規則、加 es、ies 與 ves 五種複數變化。
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
76 題快測 Quick check
Q1一般複數加什麼？
Q2box 複數？
Q3baby 複數？
Q4child 複數？
Q5man 複數？
Q6foot 複數？
8重點回顧 Recap
- 一般加 s：cats、books。
- s / x / ch / sh 加 es：boxes、watches。
- 子音 + y 變 ies：baby→babies、puppy→puppies。
- 不規則四大：child→children、foot→feet、mouse→mice、man→men。
- f / fe 變 ves：leaf→leaves、wolf→wolves。