Multimodal Texts 多媒体文本
进阶文字 + 图 + 声。
- Multimodal text = 文字 + 图表 + 影片 + 声音 + 留言,全部都是讯息。
- 每个 mode 有功能:影片吸引、文章讲理、图表证据、留言反映反应。
- 读的时候要做连结:图表支持文章哪个论点?留言印证什么?
文体小知识:Read combined texts.
§课文原文 Passage
1Open the school's recommended website, Healthy Eating, and the first thing you see is not a wall of words but a short video about cooking fish. Below it sits a straightforward article about vitamins, and beside it a colourful chart comparing the nutrition of different fruits. At the bottom, visitors can leave comments; one user writes, 'Great recipe! My kids loved it,' while another asks, 'Can I use chicken instead?' There is even a quiz that lets you test your knowledge of food. In other words, the page is a classic multimodal text: it integrates written text, graphics, audio and video in a single source.
2Reading a multimodal text requires more than fast eyes. Each element carries part of the message, so a skilled reader must combine them rather than treat the video and the article as separate items. The chart, for example, may support the article's claim that vitamin C strengthens the immune system, while the comments reveal how ordinary users actually respond. When you interact with such a page — pausing the video, zooming into a graphic, clicking a link — you are actively constructing meaning instead of passively receiving it.
3The DSE increasingly reflects this reality. Paper 1 has included webpages, posters and infographics, and questions often ask candidates to find information that spans a photograph, a caption and a paragraph at once. Examiners want to see whether you can connect a graphic to its written source and explain the relationship between them. Practise with real websites: cover the text and describe the picture, then cover the picture and summarise the text.
4Multimodal reading is not an exam trick; it is daily life. Advertisements, news apps and school platforms all mix modes, and each mode demands a slightly different kind of attention. Learn to read them critically now, and both your examination results and your media literacy will improve together.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Open the school's recommended website, Healthy Eating, and the first thing you see is not a wall of words but a short video about cooking fish.
打开学校推介的「健康饮食」网站,首先映入眼帘的不是密密麻麻的文字,而是一段讲解烹鱼方法的短片。
Below it sits a straightforward article about vitamins, and beside it a colourful chart comparing the nutrition of different fruits.
短片下方是一篇简明的维他命文章,旁边则有一幅比较不同水果营养的彩色图表。
At the bottom, visitors can leave comments; one user writes, 'Great recipe! My kids loved it,' while another asks, 'Can I use chicken instead?'
页面底部让访客留言:有人写道「食谱很棒!我的孩子很喜欢」,另一人则问「可以改用鸡肉吗?」
There is even a quiz that lets you test your knowledge of food.
网站甚至设有测验,让你测试自己对食物的认识。
In other words, the page is a classic multimodal text: it integrates written text, graphics, audio and video in a single source.
换言之,这个页面是典型的多媒体文本:它把文字、图像、声音和影片整合于单一来源之中。
Reading a multimodal text requires more than fast eyes.
阅读多媒体文本,单靠眼快手快并不足够。
Each element carries part of the message, so a skilled reader must combine them rather than treat the video and the article as separate items.
每个元素都承载着讯息的一部分,因此有经验的读者必须把它们互相结合,而非把影片和文章当成互不相干的内容。
The chart, for example, may support the article's claim that vitamin C strengthens the immune system, while the comments reveal how ordinary users actually respond.
例如,图表可能佐证文章中「维他命C增强免疫系统」的说法,而留言则反映一般用户的真实反应。
When you interact with such a page — pausing the video, zooming into a graphic, clicking a link — you are actively constructing meaning instead of passively receiving it.
当你与页面互动——暂停影片、放大图像、点击连结——你正是在主动建构意义,而非被动接收。
The DSE increasingly reflects this reality.
文凭试亦日益反映这个现实。
Paper 1 has included webpages, posters and infographics, and questions often ask candidates to find information that spans a photograph, a caption and a paragraph at once.
卷一已出现网页、海报和资讯图表,题目往往要求考生同时从照片、说明文字和段落中找寻资料。
Examiners want to see whether you can connect a graphic to its written source and explain the relationship between them.
阅卷员想看到的,是你能否把图像与文字来源联系起来,并解释两者关系。
Practise with real websites: cover the text and describe the picture, then cover the picture and summarise the text.
你可以用真实网站练习:先遮住文字描述图片,再遮住图片撮写文字。
Multimodal reading is not an exam trick; it is daily life.
多媒体阅读并非应试技巧,而是日常生活。
Advertisements, news apps and school platforms all mix modes, and each mode demands a slightly different kind of attention.
广告、新闻应用程式和学校平台全都混合多种媒介,而每种媒介都需要稍为不同的专注方式。
Learn to read them critically now, and both your examination results and your media literacy will improve together.
现在就学会批判地阅读它们,你的考试成绩与媒体素养将会一同进步。
1重点摘要 Summary
文字 + 图 + 声。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
多媒体。
文字。
图像。
声音。
影片。
互动。
综合。
来源。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 文字多模态文本中,文字仍是主体:Healthy Eating 网页的文章讲解维他命,先读标题与每段第一句抓主旨。留言区同样是文字:「Great recipe! My kids loved it」与「Can I use chicken instead?」显示真实用户怎样接收讯息——留言可用来佐证文章的受欢迎程度或争议点。答题时留意题目问的是文章本身还是读者反应,两者不可混淆。
- 图像图像承担文字以外的功能:营养图表比较不同生果的营养成分,可能支持文章「vitamin C strengthens the immune system」的论点。看图先读 caption(图说):caption 说明图片想表达什么,轴线与图例说明怎样比较。留意题目常考图文关系:图表是支持、补充还是对比文章?答关系题必须同时引用图与文两边的证据。
- 声音影片与声音负责吸引注意与示范:网页开首的煮鱼短片,示范的步骤文章未必重复讲述——影片中的资讯同样是答案来源。有旁白时,留意重读字与关键词,发言者强调之处往往就是考点。看影片题时,先读题目再按播放,带着问题观看,必要时重播一次;字幕也是文字的一种,同样承载资讯,不要忽略。
- 综合综合题是多模态阅读的核心:一道题目可以横跨相片、caption 与段落,要求说出三者的关系——例如 the chart supports the article's claim(图表支持文章论点)。切忌把网页当成三份独立文本分开读;多模态文本是一个整体,各元素互相补充。答题公式:先讲文字讲什么,再讲图像或影片加什么,最后一句讲明关系(support/illustrate/contrast)。
- 互动阅读互动阅读指主动建构意思,而非被动扫过:暂停影片细看步骤、放大图表看数字、点击连结补充资料。练习方法有二:其一,遮住文字只看图,用自己的文字描述内容;其二,遮住图只读文,想像配图应该是什么。两种练习都在训练元素之间的桥梁——这正是综合题的得分能力,平日多用真实网页操练,临场便驾轻就熟。
- 问媒体目的多模态文本同样需要批判阅读:先问这个网页想教学还是想推销?留言是真实用户还是刻意安排的好评?广告与内容的界线在哪里?判断目的的线索包括:语气(客观还是煽情)、商业连结、资料来源有否列明。答题时用证据支持判断,例如 the comments use persuasive words to...,而不是一句「它是广告」便草草了事。
- DSE 应用DSE 卷一已经考核网页、海报与资讯图表(infographic):一道题目可能要求从海报口号、图片与段落三处提取资料并合并作答。应对方法是平日用真实网站练习:选一个含图、文、影片的新闻或健康网站,自设综合题操练。考场上的次序建议:先扫版面结构,再按题目逐元素提取,最后合并成完整答案。
5例题示范 Example
用「Healthy Eating」网页做例子:影片、文章、营养图表、留言区各自担当什么角色?读的时候怎样整合?
- 第一步:认清每个 mode 的功能:影片(煮鱼)吸引入门;文章讲维他命是主体资讯;图表比较生果营养。
- 第二步:留言区是用家回应:「Great recipe!」和「Can I use chicken instead?」显示真实用户怎样接收讯息。
- 第三步:整合阅读:图表可能支持文章「vitamin C strengthens the immune system」的论点——图文互相对照。
- 第四步:主动建构意思:暂停影片、放大图表、点连结——互动才算阅读,不是被动接收。
- 第五步:DSE 应用:Paper 1 已出网页、海报、infographic;练习法——遮住文字描述图片,再遮住图片总结文字。
- 答案:这个网页是典型 multimodal text,元素各司其职:影片(煮鱼)负责吸引示范;文章是维他命资讯主体;图表比较生果营养;留言区展示用户反应——有人赞食谱,有人问可否用鸡代替。技巧高的读者不会将各元素当独立项目,而是互相对照:例如用图表数据支持文章「维他命 C 强化免疫系统」的主张。暂停影片、放大图表、点连结这些互动,就是主动建构意思的过程。DSE Paper 1 已考过网页、海报和 infographic,题目经常要求跨照片、说明文字和段落找答案,并解释图文关系。平日可以跟文中建议练:遮字讲图,遮图总结文字。
6常见错误 Mistakes
79 题快测 Quick check
Q1多媒体文本?
Q2怎样读?
Q3图像用途?
Q4声音用途?
Q5技巧?
Q6例子?
Q7What media types?
Q8What is the video about?
Q9What is the article about?
8重点回顾 Recap
- Multimodal text = 文字 + 图表 + 影片 + 声音 + 留言,全部都是讯息。
- 每个 mode 有功能:影片吸引、文章讲理、图表证据、留言反映反应。
- 读的时候要做连结:图表支持文章哪个论点?留言印证什么?
- 互动(暂停、放大、点连结)=主动建构意思,不是被动扫。
- DSE Paper 1 已考网页、海报、infographic;练法:遮一边讲另一边。