Individual Presentation 个人演讲
基础Intro → Body → Conclusion。
- 演讲三段式：Intro（问候＋自我介绍＋大纲）→ Body → Conclusion。
- 开场报结构（first, next, finally），听众和考官都跟得上。
- 主体用亲身经历和具体数字支持，空讲观点没有说服力。
文体小知识：Talk alone.
§课文原文 Passage
1Good morning, everyone. My name is Jason, and today I am going to give a short presentation on keeping Hong Kong's beaches clean. I have divided my talk into three parts: first, the problem; next, the causes; and finally, the solutions. After a brief introduction, I will move on to the body of my talk and end with a simple conclusion.
2First, the problem: every summer, volunteers collect thousands of bags of rubbish from Repulse Bay alone. Plastic bottles, lunch boxes and even broken umbrellas crowd the sand after a single weekend. Last year, my class joined a beach clean-up in June, and in three hours we filled forty bags — enough to cover the whole classroom floor.
3Next, the causes — too few recycling bins and a careless attitude among some visitors. Many people think one bottle does not matter, but when thousands think the same way, the beach becomes a rubbish bin. Finally, the solutions: more recycling bins near the barbecue sites, stricter fines for littering, and a school clean-up team that visits a different beach every month.
4To conclude, a clean beach belongs to all of us, so protecting it is everybody's duty. While preparing, my teacher advised me to speak slowly and clearly and to keep natural eye contact with the audience. Her advice made me feel confident, and I hope my message is just as clear to all of you. Thank you for listening. I would be glad to answer any questions.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Good morning, everyone.
各位，早上好。
My name is Jason, and today I am going to give a short presentation on keeping Hong Kong's beaches clean.
我是 Jason，今天我会做一个简短演讲，题目是保持香港海滩清洁。
I have divided my talk into three parts: first, the problem; next, the causes; and finally, the solutions.
我会将演讲分为三部分：第一，问题；第二，成因；最后，解决方法。
After a brief introduction, I will move on to the body of my talk and end with a simple conclusion.
简单开场之后，我会进入演讲主体，最后以一个简洁的总结作结。
First, the problem: every summer, volunteers collect thousands of bags of rubbish from Repulse Bay alone.
首先讲问题：每年夏天，单是浅水湾，义工就捡到几千袋垃圾。
Plastic bottles, lunch boxes and even broken umbrellas crowd the sand after a single weekend.
一个周末之后，胶樽、饭盒、甚至破了的雨伞就堆满沙滩。
Last year, my class joined a beach clean-up in June, and in three hours we filled forty bags — enough to cover the whole classroom floor.
去年六月，我们班参加了一次海滩清洁活动，三小时就装满了四十袋——多到可以铺满整个课室地板。
Next, the causes — too few recycling bins and a careless attitude among some visitors.
接下来讲成因——回收箱太少，以及部分游客的疏忽态度。
Many people think one bottle does not matter, but when thousands think the same way, the beach becomes a rubbish bin.
很多人觉得一个胶樽没有所谓，但当几千人都这样想，沙滩就会变成垃圾桶。
Finally, the solutions: more recycling bins near the barbecue sites, stricter fines for littering, and a school clean-up team that visits a different beach every month.
最后讲解决方法：在烧烤场附近加设回收箱、加重乱抛垃圾的罚款，并成立一支学校清洁队，每个月去不同的海滩。
To conclude, a clean beach belongs to all of us, so protecting it is everybody's duty.
总结：干净的海滩属于我们所有人，所以保护它是每个人的责任。
While preparing, my teacher advised me to speak slowly and clearly and to keep natural eye contact with the audience.
准备演讲时，老师建议我讲慢些、讲清楚些，并保持自然的眼神接触。
Her advice made me feel confident, and I hope my message is just as clear to all of you.
她的建议令我更有自信，希望我的讯息对大家都一样清楚。
Thank you for listening.
谢谢大家聆听。
I would be glad to answer any questions.
我乐意回答任何问题。
1重点摘要 Summary
Intro → Body → Conclusion。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
演讲。
开场。
主体。
结尾。
眼神接触。
自信。
慢慢地。
清楚。
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 开场开场三件事：问候 + 自我介绍 + 报结构。举个例：Jason 说 Good morning… My name is Jason… I have divided my talk into three parts: the problem, the causes, the solutions——听众即刻有地图。
- 主体主体用 First / Next / Finally 带位，一个 section 一个重点。举个例：First, the problem… Next, the causes… Finally, the solutions——路标清楚，听众不会迷路。
- 结尾结尾升华 + 多谢 + 欢迎提问。举个例：a clean beach belongs to all of us, so protecting it is everybody's duty… Thank you for listening. I would be glad to answer any questions。
- 技巧表达技巧：speak slowly and clearly + natural eye contact。举个例：my teacher advised me to speak slowly and clearly and to keep natural eye contact with the audience——慢而清楚先是自信。
- 数据支持用亲身数据支持论点。举个例：in three hours we filled forty bags — enough to cover the whole classroom floor——具体数字加画面，比「很多垃圾」有力十倍。
- 因果对应原因和解决方案要一一对应。举个例：too few recycling bins → more bins near the barbecue sites；careless attitude → stricter fines for littering——每个问题都有对应方案。
- 结构复习个人演讲结构：Intro（问候 + 名字 + 大纲）→ Body（First / Next / Finally，每段一点 + 数据）→ Conclusion（升华 + 多谢 + Q&A）——全程慢讲 + 眼神接触。
5例题示范 Example
Jason 关于保持海滩清洁的演讲示范了演讲三段式。拆解他怎样做 signposting、用数据支持，和收尾技巧。
- 第一步：开场三件事一次过做：问候（Good morning）、自我介绍、报结构——「the problem, the causes, the solutions」，听众即刻有地图。
- 第二步：主体用 First / Next / Finally 带位，每部分一个重点，听众不会迷路。
- 第三步：问题部分用亲身数据：三小时捡了四十袋垃圾，多到可以铺满整间课室的地板——比空讲「很多垃圾」具体。
- 第四步：原因和解决方案一一对应：回收箱不够 → 烧烤场附近加设回收箱；态度差 → 乱丢加重罚款；还加学校清洁队每月去一个海滩。
- 第五步：结尾升华（干净海滩属于大家）＋感谢＋欢迎提问；老师贴士：慢些讲、眼神接触自然。
- 答案：Jason 的演讲结构完整：开场一次过做齐问候、自我介绍和报大纲——「the problem, the causes, the solutions」，令听众有张地图。主体用 First、Next、Finally 做路标，每部分一个重点。最大优点是用亲身数据讲问题：一次净滩三小时捡了四十袋垃圾，多到可以铺满整间课室的地板；原因（回收箱少、态度差）和解决方案（加设回收箱、重罚、学校清洁队）一一对应。结尾由海滩上升到公民责任，再感谢听众和欢迎提问。配合慢而清楚、自然眼神接触这些贴士，就是个人演讲的满分结构。
6常见错误 Mistakes
76 题快测 Quick check
Q1演讲结构？
Q2开场？
Q3主体？
Q4结尾？
Q5眼神？
Q6语速？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 演讲三段式：Intro（问候＋自我介绍＋大纲）→ Body → Conclusion。
- 开场报结构（first, next, finally），听众和考官都跟得上。
- 主体用亲身经历和具体数字支持，空讲观点没有说服力。
- 一个 section 一个重点，原因和解决方案要一一对应。
- 收尾三宝：升华主旨、感谢听众、欢迎提问；全程慢讲加眼神接触。