Individual Presentation
BasicIntro → Body → Conclusion。
- Presentation formula: introduction (greeting, name, outline), body, conclusion.
- Announce your structure at the start so audience and examiner can follow.
- Support points with personal experience and concrete numbers, not bare opinions.
文體小知識：Talk alone.
§Text Passage
1Good morning, everyone. My name is Jason, and today I am going to give a short presentation on keeping Hong Kong's beaches clean. I have divided my talk into three parts: first, the problem; next, the causes; and finally, the solutions. After a brief introduction, I will move on to the body of my talk and end with a simple conclusion.
2First, the problem: every summer, volunteers collect thousands of bags of rubbish from Repulse Bay alone. Plastic bottles, lunch boxes and even broken umbrellas crowd the sand after a single weekend. Last year, my class joined a beach clean-up in June, and in three hours we filled forty bags — enough to cover the whole classroom floor.
3Next, the causes — too few recycling bins and a careless attitude among some visitors. Many people think one bottle does not matter, but when thousands think the same way, the beach becomes a rubbish bin. Finally, the solutions: more recycling bins near the barbecue sites, stricter fines for littering, and a school clean-up team that visits a different beach every month.
4To conclude, a clean beach belongs to all of us, so protecting it is everybody's duty. While preparing, my teacher advised me to speak slowly and clearly and to keep natural eye contact with the audience. Her advice made me feel confident, and I hope my message is just as clear to all of you. Thank you for listening. I would be glad to answer any questions.
§Sentence-by-sentence translation Sentence-by-sentence translation
Good morning, everyone.
各位，早上好。
My name is Jason, and today I am going to give a short presentation on keeping Hong Kong's beaches clean.
我是 Jason，今天我會做一個簡短演講，題目是保持香港海灘清潔。
I have divided my talk into three parts: first, the problem; next, the causes; and finally, the solutions.
我會將演講分為三部分：第一，問題；第二，成因；最後，解決方法。
After a brief introduction, I will move on to the body of my talk and end with a simple conclusion.
簡單開場之後，我會進入演講主體，最後以一個簡潔的總結作結。
First, the problem: every summer, volunteers collect thousands of bags of rubbish from Repulse Bay alone.
首先講問題：每年夏天，單是淺水灣，義工就撿到幾千袋垃圾。
Plastic bottles, lunch boxes and even broken umbrellas crowd the sand after a single weekend.
一個週末之後，膠樽、飯盒、甚至破了的雨傘就堆滿沙灘。
Last year, my class joined a beach clean-up in June, and in three hours we filled forty bags — enough to cover the whole classroom floor.
去年六月，我們班參加了一次海灘清潔活動，三小時就裝滿了四十袋——多到可以鋪滿整個課室地板。
Next, the causes — too few recycling bins and a careless attitude among some visitors.
接下來講成因——回收箱太少，以及部分遊客的疏忽態度。
Many people think one bottle does not matter, but when thousands think the same way, the beach becomes a rubbish bin.
很多人覺得一個膠樽沒有所謂，但當幾千人都這樣想，沙灘就會變成垃圾桶。
Finally, the solutions: more recycling bins near the barbecue sites, stricter fines for littering, and a school clean-up team that visits a different beach every month.
最後講解決方法：在燒烤場附近加設回收箱、加重亂拋垃圾的罰款，並成立一支學校清潔隊，每個月去不同的海灘。
To conclude, a clean beach belongs to all of us, so protecting it is everybody's duty.
總結：乾淨的海灘屬於我們所有人，所以保護它是每個人的責任。
While preparing, my teacher advised me to speak slowly and clearly and to keep natural eye contact with the audience.
準備演講時，老師建議我講慢些、講清楚些，並保持自然的眼神接觸。
Her advice made me feel confident, and I hope my message is just as clear to all of you.
她的建議令我更有自信，希望我的訊息對大家都一樣清楚。
Thank you for listening.
謝謝大家聆聽。
I would be glad to answer any questions.
我樂意回答任何問題。
1Summary 重點摘要
Intro → Body → Conclusion。
2Vocabulary cards Vocabulary
Talk.
Start.
Main.
End.
Looking at audience.
Sure.
Gently.
清楚。
3Step by step Steps
- IntroThe opening does three jobs: greeting, name and roadmap. Example: Jason says Good morning… My name is Jason… I have divided my talk into three parts: the problem, the causes, the solutions — the audience gets a map at once.
- BodySignpost the body with First, Next and Finally — one point per section. Example: First, the problem… Next, the causes… Finally, the solutions — with clear signposts the audience never gets lost.
- EndClose by lifting the message, thanking the audience and inviting questions. Example: a clean beach belongs to all of us, so protecting it is everybody's duty… Thank you for listening. I would be glad to answer any questions.
- TipDelivery technique: speak slowly and clearly with natural eye contact. Example: my teacher advised me to speak slowly and clearly and to keep natural eye contact with the audience — slow and clear is what confidence sounds like.
- Data supportSupport points with personal data. Example: in three hours we filled forty bags — enough to cover the whole classroom floor — a concrete number with a picture beats lots of rubbish ten times over.
- Cause-solution pairsPair each cause with a matching solution. Example: too few recycling bins → more bins near the barbecue sites; a careless attitude → stricter fines for littering — every problem gets an answer.
- Structure recapThe presentation formula: Intro (greeting + name + outline) → Body (First / Next / Finally, one point plus data per section) → Conclusion (lifted message + thanks + Q&A). Slow speech and eye contact throughout.
5Worked example Example
Jason's talk on keeping beaches clean models the three-part presentation. Analyse his signposting, his use of data, and his closing technique.
- Step 1: The opening does three jobs at once: greeting, self-introduction and a roadmap — 'three parts: the problem, the causes, the solutions'.
- Step 2: The body uses 'First', 'Next', 'Finally' as signposts, one point per section, so the audience never gets lost.
- Step 3: The problem section uses personal data: forty bags in three hours, enough to cover the classroom floor — vivid evidence beats vague claims.
- Step 4: Causes and solutions match one-to-one: few bins means more bins near barbecue sites; careless attitudes mean stricter fines, plus a monthly school clean-up team.
- Step 5: The close lifts the message to a shared duty, thanks the audience and invites questions — supported by slow, clear delivery and natural eye contact.
- Answer: Jason's presentation is a model of clear structure. His opening completes three tasks in a few sentences: greeting, introducing himself, and giving the audience a roadmap of 'the problem, the causes, the solutions'. The body is signposted with 'First', 'Next' and 'Finally', keeping one idea per section. His strongest technique is personal evidence — forty bags of rubbish in three hours, 'enough to cover the whole classroom floor' — which paints a picture no vague complaint could. Causes and solutions pair up neatly: too few bins answered by more bins, careless attitudes by stricter fines and a monthly school clean-up team. He ends by raising the beach to everyone's duty, thanks the audience and invites questions, delivered slowly with natural eye contact.
6Common mistakes Mistakes
7Quick check Quick check
Q1Structure?
Q2Intro?
Q3Body?
Q4Conclusion?
Q5Eye contact?
Q6Speed?
8Recap Recap
- Presentation formula: introduction (greeting, name, outline), body, conclusion.
- Announce your structure at the start so audience and examiner can follow.
- Support points with personal experience and concrete numbers, not bare opinions.
- One key idea per section; pair each cause with a matching solution.
- Close with three moves: lift the message, thank the audience, invite questions.