Predicting Content 預測內容
基礎預測內容。
- 預測三線索：title 標題 · pictures 圖片 · headings 小標題
- 流程：predict 猜 → read 讀 → confirm 確認 / correct 修正
- 字裡玄機：Storm Warning 的 warning 提示『要小心』→ 風暴好強
文體小知識：Guess before you read, confirm after.
§課文原文 Passage
1The sky turned dark, and clouds gathered over the harbour. Wind shook the trees, and leaves flew everywhere. People closed their windows quickly, and some ran for cover. Look at the title of this passage: “Before the Storm”. From the title, we can predict that a big storm is coming. The picture of grey clouds also gives us a clue. When we see these signs, we can guess the topic even before we read a single word.
2Suddenly, lightning lit up the sky, and thunder followed. Heavy rain began to pour, drumming on the rooftops like a thousand drums. A heading in the newspaper says “Storm Warning”. From this heading, we can infer that the storm will be strong. The word “warning” tells us to be careful. We do not need to read every sentence to understand the danger. Good readers use the context around a word to work out its meaning.
3After the storm, the sun came out again. Our guess was correct, and we confirmed it by reading the weather report the next morning. A weather report said the wind reached force ten. Predicting is a useful reading skill: look at the title, the pictures and the headings, make a guess, and then read to confirm or correct your ideas. If your first guess is wrong, that is fine; adjust it as new information appears. With practice, you can infer meaning and enjoy reading even more.
§逐句中文翻譯 Sentence-by-sentence translation
The sky turned dark, and clouds gathered over the harbour.
天空轉暗，雲層在海港上空聚集。
Wind shook the trees, and leaves flew everywhere.
狂風搖動樹木，樹葉四處飛舞。
People closed their windows quickly, and some ran for cover.
人們趕快關窗，有些人跑去找地方躲避。
Look at the title of this passage: “Before the Storm”.
看看這篇文章的標題：「暴風雨前」。
From the title, we can predict that a big storm is coming.
從標題可以預測，一場大風暴即將來臨。
The picture of grey clouds also gives us a clue.
灰雲的圖片也給我們提示。
When we see these signs, we can guess the topic even before we read a single word.
看到這些跡象，即使未讀過一個字，我們也能猜到主題。
Suddenly, lightning lit up the sky, and thunder followed.
突然，閃電照亮天空，雷聲隨後而至。
Heavy rain began to pour, drumming on the rooftops like a thousand drums.
大雨傾盆而下，像千面鼓一樣敲打著屋頂。
A heading in the newspaper says “Storm Warning”.
報紙上一個副標題寫著「風暴警告」。
From this heading, we can infer that the storm will be strong.
從這個副標題，我們可以推斷風暴會很強烈。
The word “warning” tells us to be careful.
「警告」一詞提醒我們要小心。
We do not need to read every sentence to understand the danger.
要明白危險，我們不需要讀完每一句。
Good readers use the context around a word to work out its meaning.
好讀者會利用詞語前後的語境推敲詞義。
After the storm, the sun came out again.
風暴過後，太陽再次出來。
Our guess was correct, and we confirmed it by reading the weather report the next morning.
我們的猜測正確，第二天早上讀天氣報告時得到確認。
A weather report said the wind reached force ten.
天氣報告說風力達到十級。
Predicting is a useful reading skill: look at the title, the pictures and the headings, make a guess, and then read to confirm or correct your ideas.
預測是有用的閱讀技巧：看標題、圖片和副標題，作出猜測，然後閱讀去確認或修正想法。
If your first guess is wrong, that is fine; adjust it as new information appears.
如果最初的猜測錯了也沒關係，隨著新資訊出現再調整。
With practice, you can infer meaning and enjoy reading even more.
多加練習，你就能推斷詞義，更享受閱讀。
1重點摘要 Summary
預測內容。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
Guess before reading。
Clue。
Visual clue。
Section title。
Make a guess。
Check after reading。
Surrounding words。
Read between lines。
3逐步講解 Steps
- Title考點：預測題常考標題的作用，要求考生說明單憑標題可以推知什麼，這是閱讀卷的入門考點。方法：逐字分析標題，圈出關鍵字並推想它指向的內容。例如：標題 Before the Storm 中 storm 一字一出現，未讀正文已可預測文章講述風暴來臨，課文亦總結 From the title, we can predict that a big storm is coming。易錯處：考生常只掌握標題整體大意，忽略 before 這類功能字；其實 before 提示文章重點在風暴來臨之前的種種跡象，標題每個字都有線索價值。
- Picture考點：插圖與標題同屬閱讀前的預測線索，考試常追問考生還能從哪裏取得提示。方法：細看插圖的景物與氣氛，把所見轉化為具體推測，並說明它支持什麼預測。例如：課文指出 The picture of grey clouds also gives us a clue，灰雲滿布正是風暴將至的徵兆，與標題互相印證，兩線索一致，預測更有把握。易錯處：考生常認為插圖只是裝飾而完全忽略，或只描述圖中景物卻說不出它支持的預測；答題時必須把圖像線索與文字預測連繫起來才算完整。
- Confirm考點：預測不是猜完就算，讀後驗證與修正才是完整的解題過程，也是高分答案的必備環節。方法：讀到相關句子時，把內容與先前的猜測逐一對照，再以客觀資料確認結果。例如：課文寫 Suddenly, lightning lit up the sky, and thunder followed，雷電交加證明風暴的預測正確，課中人更藉天氣報告 confirm 結果。易錯處：考生常只答「估中了」便算，忽略 confirm 需要引述文中證據；答題宜採用預測加證據的格式，先說猜測，再引原文支持，層次分明。
- 標題示範考點：考試常以課文標題為例，考查考生能否拆解標題每個字的提示作用，拆解能力即是預測能力。方法：把標題逐字檢視，追問每個字回答什麼問題、指向什麼內容。例如：課文標題 Before the Storm 之中，storm 回答「講什麼」，before 回答「什麼時候」，合起來預示全文寫風暴來臨前的天空變化與人物的準備。易錯處：考生常把標題當作整體粗略讀過，說不出每個字的具體作用；拆字分析看似瑣碎，卻是預測題取得滿分的關鍵技巧。
- heading 線索考點：副標題與小標題 heading 同樣隱含推論線索，是進階預測題的常考點，考生常顧標題而漏小標題。方法：留意 heading 中的關鍵字，推想它對讀者提出的警示或期望。例如：課文寫 A heading says 'Storm Warning'. The word 'warning' tells us to be careful，warning 一字暗示風暴威力強大，讀者必須小心防範。易錯處：考生常把 heading 與 title 混為一談，或看見 warning 只懂直譯而推不出「風暴很強」這層意思；練習時應就每個關鍵字多追問一句它暗示什麼。
- 估錯修正考點：預測題常設陷阱，考查考生是否明白預測可以修正，而非一次定生死，態度本身便是得分點。方法：把預測視為閱讀工具，遇有新資訊便隨時調整，不固執原判。例如：課文明言 If your first guess is wrong, that is fine; adjust it as new information appears，可見首猜錯誤無妨，重點在按新線索修改。易錯處：考生常因首個猜測錯誤便全盤放棄預測，或死守原判不肯修正；正確態度是承認錯誤、引新證據、重新修正，預測是工具而非賭博。
- 細節推進考點：一邊讀一邊驗證是預測技巧的核心，考題常要求考生指出哪些細節應驗了先前的預測。方法：讀每一段時把關鍵句與先前的猜測對照，並記下吻合之處作為答題素材。例如：課文依序寫 The sky turned dark、Wind shook the trees、Heavy rain began to pour，天色轉黑、大風搖樹、大雨傾盆，風暴預測一步一步應驗。易錯處：考生常讀完全文才回頭驗證，既慢又容易遺漏；應養成每段停下對照的習慣，發現預測偏差即時修正，閱讀節奏才穩定。
- 四步流程考點：預測題的答題框架可以濃縮為一個流程，能寫出完整流程即是完整方法論，屬必背內容。方法：記熟四步：先看 title、pictures、headings 取得線索，再作出初步猜測，接着細讀正文，最後 confirm or correct 驗證或修正。例如：本課整篇課文正是按此流程示範，由標題預測開始，到天氣報告證實結束。易錯處：考生常漏掉最後一步，答題只寫看標題然後猜測，缺少驗證環節；另外此流程同樣適用於利用上下文推測生字詞義，屬一法多用的框架。
5例題示範 Example
根據《Before the Storm》課文：讀之前，單憑標題和插圖你可以 predict 些什麼？讀完之後怎樣 confirm？
- 第一步：看標題——Before the Storm → 預測：會講風暴來臨前的天空和人物準備。
- 第二步：看圖——grey clouds 的插圖是另一條 clue，加強預測。
- 第三步：讀首段驗證——The sky turned dark… Wind shook the trees，和預測吻合。
- 第四步：小讀線索推論——報紙 heading Storm Warning 裡面，warning 這個字暗示風暴好強。
- 第五步：讀後 confirm——天氣報告說 wind reached force ten，預測正確。
- 答案：讀之前，從標題 Before the Storm 可以預測課文講風暴來臨前的情況；灰雲插圖都是 clue。讀首段確認：The sky turned dark、Wind shook the trees，和預測一致。報紙標題 Storm Warning 裡面的 warning 這個字，令我們 infer 到風暴好強勁。最後用天氣報告 confirm：wind reached force ten——估錯都不緊，一邊讀一邊按新資訊調整就得。
6常見錯誤 Mistakes
78 題快測 Quick check
Q1What is predicting?
Q2What helps predict?
Q3What is a heading?
Q4What do you do after?
Q5What is infer?
Q6What is happening?
Q7What will happen next?
Q8Why did some people run for cover?
8重點回顧 Recap
- 預測三線索：title 標題 · pictures 圖片 · headings 小標題
- 流程：predict 猜 → read 讀 → confirm 確認 / correct 修正
- 字裡玄機：Storm Warning 的 warning 提示『要小心』→ 風暴好強
- 估錯不緊要——adjust as new information appears 一邊讀一邊修正
- 用 context 上下文 infer 意思，不用逐字查字典