School Things 校园用品
基础主题词汇。
- 三个位置词：near, next to, inside。
- borrow 借入、lend 借出：I lend her my pen.
- keep = 收放好：I keep a ruler in my pencil case.
文体小知识：Learn theme words.
§课文原文 Passage
1Every morning, I pack my school bag before breakfast. I put two books, a pencil case and a water bottle inside. My sister draws a little cat on my bag. I like it very much.
2In the classroom, my desk is near the window. My chair is blue and very comfortable. I keep a pen, a pencil and a ruler in my pencil case. There is also a small eraser for my mistakes.
3My best friend sits next to me. When I cannot spell a word, she helps me write it. When she loses her pen, I lend her mine. Our teacher says, 'A tidy desk helps you learn.' Every Friday, I clean my desk and check my bag. I love my school things. My desk is always tidy. I put my ruler and my eraser back into my pencil case after every lesson.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
Every morning, I pack my school bag before breakfast.
每天早上，我都会在吃早餐之前收拾好书包。
I put two books, a pencil case and a water bottle inside.
我放两本书、一个笔袋同一瓶水进去。
My sister draws a little cat on my bag.
我妹妹在我的书包上面画了一只小猫。
I like it very much.
我好喜欢他。
In the classroom, my desk is near the window.
在课室里面，我的书桌在窗边。
My chair is blue and very comfortable.
我的椅子是蓝色的，坐得好舒服。
I keep a pen, a pencil and a ruler in my pencil case.
我笔袋里面有一支笔、一支铅笔同一把尺。
There is also a small eraser for my mistakes.
还有一块小擦胶，用来擦错字。
My best friend sits next to me.
我最好的朋友坐在我旁边。
When I cannot spell a word, she helps me write it.
我不会串字的时候，他会帮我写。
When she loses her pen, I lend her mine.
他的笔不见的时候，我就把我的那支借给他。
Our teacher says, 'A tidy desk helps you learn.'
老师说：「整齐的书桌帮你学得更好。」
Every Friday, I clean my desk and check my bag.
每个星期五，我都会把书桌抹干净，同检查书包。
I love my school things.
我好爱惜我的文具。
My desk is always tidy.
我的书桌常常都整整齐齐。
I put my ruler and my eraser back into my pencil case after every lesson.
每次下课，我都会把间尺同擦胶放回笔袋。
1重点摘要 Summary
主题词汇。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
书包
书本
笔
间尺
铅笔
擦胶
书桌
椅
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 第一段：早上整理书包pack 是收拾、装袋的意思：I pack my school bag before breakfast，即早餐之前收拾好书包。袋里有 two books、a pencil case 和 a water bottle，数东西时一件用 a，两件以上用数字加复数，例如 two books。易错位：pack 已经包含放进去的意思，写 pack my school bag 就够，不必再加 put in。
- 第二段：我的座位描述位置用 is 加方位词：My desk is near the window，书桌在窗户附近；my chair is blue and very comfortable，椅子是蓝色而且十分舒服。两句结构都是主词加 is 加描述。易错位：desk 和 chair 是单数，动词要用 is；如果主词变成 my desk and chair 两样东西，就要改用 are。
- 第二段下：笔盒里面keep 在这里解作收放好、保管：I keep a pen, a pencil and a ruler in my pencil case，把笔、铅笔和间尺收在笔盒里。句型是 keep 加东西加 in 加地方，in 负责说明容器。易错位：列三件东西时，在最后一样之前用 and；写作时也可以再描述桌上还有什么，令段落更丰富。
- 第三段：好朋友sits next to me 表示坐在我旁边，next to 是常用方位词。She helps me spell words 里主词 she 是第三人称单数，helps 要加 s；她没有笔时就写 I lend her mine，mine 代替 my pen，避免重复。易错位：help 之后直接跟原形动词，写 helps me spell 就正确，不必加 to。
- borrow 还是 lendborrow 指借入，东西从别人那里过来：I borrow her pen，我借她的笔。lend 指借出，东西由自己给出去：I lend her my pen，我把笔借给她。两个词方向相反，写句之前先想清楚东西属于谁。易错位：borrow from 用来说明来源，例如 I borrow a book from the library，从图书馆借书。
- 方位词进阶三个方位词各有分工：near the window 在窗户附近，只说接近，不一定相邻；next to me 紧挨在我旁边；inside the bag 在袋子里面，指范围之内。运用时先确定东西和参照物，再选最贴切的词。易错位：in 与 inside 都可解在里面，inside 更强调被包住的感觉，小三阶段先用 in 已经足够。
- 句式练习把方位词放进完整句子：My desk is near the window. My friend sits next to me. 第一句用 is 描述静态位置，第二句用 sits 同时写出动作和位置。试一试用两个不同的方位词描述自己的座位，例如 near the door 或 in front of me。易错位：两句之间用句号分开，不要一逗到底。
5例题示范 Example
座位描述卡：用两个位置词和 lend 写出四句介绍，写完逐句检查大写、句号和用词。
- 句一：My desk is near the window. 用 is 加 near 描述书桌位置，句首大写、句尾句号。
- 句二：My chair is blue and comfortable. 用 and 连起两个形容词，描述更立体。
- 句三：My best friend sits next to me. 主词 friend 是单数，sits 加 s，next to 写出座位关系。
- 句四：When she loses her pen, I lend her mine. When 带起时间子句，mine 代替 my pen 避免重复。
- 检查：位置词用得准确吗？lend 的方向对吗？每句的大写和句号齐了吗？
- 答案：My desk is near the window. My chair is blue and comfortable. My best friend sits next to me. When she loses her pen, I lend her mine.
6常见错误 Mistakes
75 题快测 Quick check
Q1我什么时候收拾书包？
Q2书包里面有什么？
Q3我张椅是点的？
Q4朋友没有笔，我会怎么做？
Q5borrow 和 lend 有什么分别？
8重点回顾 Recap
- 三个位置词：near, next to, inside。
- borrow 借入、lend 借出：I lend her my pen.
- keep = 收放好：I keep a ruler in my pencil case.
- 多过一件加 s：two books, two water bottles。
- 她教我串字，我借她笔。