Family 家庭
基础主题词汇。
- 八个家庭字：father, mother, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, uncle, aunt。
- 讲自己家人前面加 my：my father, my sister。
- 男用 he，女用 she：My brother plays ball. He runs fast.
文体小知识：Learn theme words.
§课文原文 Passage
1This is my family. There are six people in my home. My father goes to work in the morning. My mother takes me to school. My little brother plays with his ball. My big sister reads a book in her room.
2On Sunday, we go to my grandfather's home. My grandmother makes nice cakes for us. The cakes are sweet and soft. My uncle and my aunt come too. They bring fruit and juice. We eat and sing together in the living room.
3After dinner, we look at old photos. Grandfather tells us funny stories. My brother laughs loudly. My sister and I help grandmother wash the dishes. I love my family. We are happy together every day.
§逐句中文翻译 Sentence-by-sentence translation
This is my family.
这个是我家人。
There are six people in my home.
我家有六个人。
My father goes to work in the morning.
我爸爸早上上班。
My mother takes me to school.
我妈妈带我上学。
My little brother plays with his ball.
我弟弟玩他的球。
My big sister reads a book in her room.
我家姐在房间里看书。
On Sunday, we go to my grandfather's home.
星期日，我们去爷爷家。
My grandmother makes nice cakes for us.
我奶奶整了很好吃的蛋糕给我们。
The cakes are sweet and soft.
那些蛋糕又甜又软。
My uncle and my aunt come too.
我叔叔同姑母也来了。
They bring fruit and juice.
他们带来了水果同果汁。
We eat and sing together in the living room.
我们在客厅里一起吃东西唱歌。
After dinner, we look at old photos.
吃完饭，我们一起看旧照片。
Grandfather tells us funny stories.
爷爷讲有趣的故事给我们听。
My brother laughs loudly.
我弟弟笑得好大声。
My sister and I help grandmother wash the dishes.
我家姐和我一起帮奶奶洗碗。
I love my family.
我好喜欢我家人。
We are happy together every day.
我们每天都很开心地在一起。
1重点摘要 Summary
主题词汇。
2生字卡 Vocabulary
爸爸
妈妈
兄弟
姊妹
爷爷/外公
奶奶/外婆
叔叔/伯伯
婶婶/姨妈
3逐步讲解 Steps
- 第一段：我家有六个人考点是认读家庭成员的英文词汇并说出家中人数。方法是一边读课文一边把人物与动作配对，加深记忆。例如：There are six people in my home. Father goes to work, mother takes me to school, little brother plays with his ball, big sister reads a book. 全家六口，各人有各人的活动，一幅家庭图画便浮现眼前。易错之处是 little brother 与 big sister 的译法：英文只分 brother 与 sister，长幼须靠 little 与 big 区分，中文则有弟弟、哥哥、妹妹、姐姐之分，对照记忆才不会乱。
- 第二段：去祖父家考点是祖父母与亲属称谓的说法。方法是把亲属名称与他们的动作一起记。例如：On Sunday we go to grandfather's home. Grandmother makes nice cakes. Uncle and aunt bring fruit and juice. 祖父是 grandfather，祖母是 grandmother，叔叔伯伯是 uncle，姑姑姨妈是 aunt。易错之处是 grandfather 与 grandmother 拼写混淆：两词中段分别是 father 与 mother，抓住这一点便不会写错；复数 cakes 加了 s，表示不止一个，阅读时宜留意。
- 第三段：晚饭之后考点是用英语描述晚饭后的活动。方法是把动作短语整套记住：look at old photos 看旧照片、tell funny stories 说有趣的故事、wash the dishes 洗碗。例如：We look at old photos. Grandfather tells funny stories. My brother laughs loudly. My sister and I help grandmother wash the dishes. 易错之处是 help 之后的动词形式：应说 help somebody do something，例如 help grandmother wash the dishes，中间不必加 to，这是常考的文法位。
- 家庭字分三层考点是把家庭词汇按辈分分层记忆。方法是画一张家谱：顶层是祖父母 grandfather、grandmother；中层是父亲 father、母亲 mother、叔叔 uncle、姑姑 aunt；底层是兄弟姊妹 brother、sister。家谱一画，谁属哪一层便一目了然，背单词也快得多。易错之处是把 uncle 与 aunt 的意思弄反：uncle 指叔伯舅父，aunt 指姑姨婶母，抄词时宜连中文一起核对，分层与核对并用，八个家庭字便记得稳固。
- my 的用法考点是物主限定词 my 的用法。方法是说到自己家人，名词前面一律加上 my：my father、my sister、my grandmother。例如：My mother takes me to school. 妈妈带我上学。英语习惯与中文不同，中文可以只说妈妈，英语却要说 my mother，这一个 my 不能省。易错之处是漏写 my，例如把 My father is a teacher 写成 Father is a teacher，句子便不合英语习惯；写完检查每个家人名词前面是否都带著 my。
- he 定 she考点是人称代词 he 与 she 的分辨。方法是男性用 he，女性用 she，并记住两个例句：He plays with his ball. 他玩他的球；She reads a book. 她看书。爸爸、哥哥、祖父用 he；妈妈、姐姐、祖母用 she。易错之处是人称与物主词配错：he 配 his，she 配 her，例如 He plays with his ball 不可以写成 her ball；写句之后宜由头读一次，检查人称前后一致，这是造句题的稳分之法。
- 句式练习考点是用 This is my ... 句式介绍家人并补充描述。方法是一句介绍、一句说明，例如：This is my grandfather. He tells funny stories. 这是我的祖父，他会说有趣的故事。照这个模式介绍三位家人，每人两句，内容便具体而生动。易错之处是只说 This is my mother. 便停笔，介绍过于单薄；补上一句她常做的事，例如 She cooks nice food. 人物便活起来，这正是段落写作的第一步。
5例题示范 Example
画个小家谱：将八个家庭字排好，再用 This is my ... 讲三句。
- 读八个字：father, mother, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, uncle, aunt。
- 分层：上面 grandfather 和 grandmother；中间 father, mother, uncle, aunt；下面 brother, sister。
- 配对：father 的爸爸 = grandfather；father 的兄弟 = uncle；mother 的姊妹 = aunt。
- 加 my 和 he/she：This is my aunt. She brings fruit and juice.
- 讲三句：选三个家人，一人一句，讲埋它做的东西。
- 答案：家谱：grandfather + grandmother → father, mother, uncle, aunt → brother, sister。例句：This is my aunt. She brings fruit and juice. This is my grandfather. He tells funny stories.
6常见错误 Mistakes
75 题快测 Quick check
Q1爸爸的爸爸，英文是什么？
Q2爸爸的兄弟，英文是什么？
Q3哪个整了 nice cakes 给大家？
Q4填 he 或 she：My sister reads a book. ___ likes stories.
Q5改错：This is I grandmother.
8重点回顾 Recap
- 八个家庭字：father, mother, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, uncle, aunt。
- 讲自己家人前面加 my：my father, my sister。
- 男用 he，女用 she：My brother plays ball. He runs fast.
- 讲职业要加 a：My father is a driver.
- 家人做的动作要加 s：My mother takes me to school.