Adjectives 形容詞
BasicAdjectives are describing words.
- Adjectives describe nouns: big, small, red, yellow, busy, fresh.
- Two adjectives: size first, colour second: big red apples.
- One thing takes is; many take are.
文體小知識：Learn basic grammar.
§Text Passage
1I go to the market with Grandmother. The market is big and busy. There are many stalls. Grandmother buys big red apples. I pick small yellow bananas. A fish seller calls, "Fresh fish! Fresh fish!"
2A boy drops a small red purse on the ground. He does not see it. Grandmother picks it up and gives it back to him. The boy is very happy. He says thank you with a big smile.
3Grandmother tells me, "Words like big, small and red are adjectives. They tell us more about things." On the way home, I look around. Big market, small purse, red apples! I am happy. I learn many adjectives today.
§Sentence-by-sentence translation Sentence-by-sentence translation
I go to the market with Grandmother.
我同奶奶去街市。
The market is big and busy.
街市又大又熱鬧。
There are many stalls.
裡面有好多攤位。
Grandmother buys big red apples.
奶奶買了大大的紅蘋果。
I pick small yellow bananas.
我選了小小的黃香蕉。
A fish seller calls, "Fresh fish! Fresh fish!"
賣魚的人喊：「新鮮的魚！新鮮的魚！」
A boy drops a small red purse on the ground.
有個男孩掉了一個小小的紅色錢包在地上。
He does not see it.
他沒有察覺。
Grandmother picks it up and gives it back to him.
奶奶拾起錢包，交還給那個男孩。
The boy is very happy.
那個男孩好開心。
He says thank you with a big smile.
他笑著對奶奶說謝謝。
Grandmother tells me, "Words like big, small and red are adjectives. They tell us more about things."
奶奶告訴我：「像 big、small 同 red 這些字是形容詞，可以告訴我們東西是怎樣的。」
On the way home, I look around.
回家途中，我到處看了看。
Big market, small purse, red apples!
大街市、小錢包、紅蘋果！
I am happy.
我好開心。
I learn many adjectives today.
我今日學了好多形容詞。
1Summary 重點摘要
Adjectives are describing words.
2Vocabulary cards Vocabulary
A word that tells us more about a thing.
Large, not small.
Little, not big.
The colour of apples.
The colour of bananas.
Full of people and action.
Newly made or picked.
Feeling glad.
High from top to bottom, like tall trees.
3Step by step Steps
- Adjective reviewExample: words like big, small and red are adjectives. They sit before nouns: a big market. An adjective answers the question what is it like — size, colour, taste or feeling. With adjectives, a sentence comes alive at once.
- Paragraph 1: the busy marketExample: the market is big and busy; Grandmother buys big red apples; I pick small yellow bananas; the fish seller calls, "Fresh fish!" One paragraph, many adjectives: sizes, colours and a state word all working together.
- Paragraph 2: the red purseExample: a boy drops a small red purse; Grandmother picks it up and gives it back; the boy smiles a big smile. Returning what is lost is a kind act, and pairs like a big smile make the story easy to picture.
- Order of two adjectivesExample: big red apples, small yellow bananas. When two adjectives come together, size goes first and colour second. The order is fixed: a small red purse follows the same rule, and swapping it sounds very strange to native speakers.
- Opposite pairsExample: big and small, happy and sad, new and old, fresh and old. Adjectives are easiest to learn in pairs: write one word on the front of a card and its opposite on the back, then test yourself anywhere, any time.
- is / are sentencesExample: The market is big and busy. The apples are red. One thing takes is; many things take are. An adjective can stand alone or join another with and, as in big and busy, which makes the sentence flow better.
- Sentence practiceExample: I pick small yellow bananas. Describe one thing near you with two adjectives: think of the size first, then the colour, and keep that order in the sentence. Check the capital letter and the full stop, then write two more for practice.
5Worked example Example
Market description cards: place the adjectives correctly, write three market sentences and check the order line by line.
- Read the adjectives: big, small, red, yellow, busy, fresh, happy. Picture one thing for each.
- Sentence 1: The market is big and busy. Join two adjectives with and.
- Sentence 2: Grandmother buys big red apples. Size first, colour second.
- Sentence 3: I pick small yellow bananas. Keep the same order again.
- Check the order: does every sentence put size before colour?
- Check the format: a capital letter at the start and a full stop at the end of every line.
- Answer: The market is big and busy. Grandmother buys big red apples. I pick small yellow bananas.
6Common mistakes Mistakes
7Quick check Quick check
Q1What is the market like?
Q2Put in order: red / big apples
Q3What does the boy drop?
Q4Fill in: The apples ___ red.
Q5What does the fish seller call?
8Recap Recap
- Adjectives describe nouns: big, small, red, yellow, busy, fresh.
- Two adjectives: size first, colour second: big red apples.
- One thing takes is; many take are.
- Adjectives take no s: two small bananas.
- Describe things at the market to grow your adjectives.